(3456,4505,'phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = L-tyrosine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3457,4506,'squalene monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADPH + O(2) + squalene = (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene + H(2)O + NADP(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3458,4507,'steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a steroid + reduced adrenal ferredoxin + O2 = an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + oxidized adrenal ferredoxin + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3459,4508,'steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a steroid + AH2 + O2 = a 17a-hydroxysteroid + A + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3460,4509,'steroid 21-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a steroid + donor-H2 + O2 = a 21-hydroxysteroid + acceptor + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3461,4510,'tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3462,4511,'tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3463,4512,'inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3464,4513,'neolactotetraosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide = CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3465,4514,'nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: CO(2) + diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+) + quinolinate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3466,4515,'nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinate ribonucleotide = diphosphate + deamido-NAD+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3467,4516,'nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H(+) + nicotinate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3468,4517,'nitric-oxide synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3469,4518,'nuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3470,4519,'endonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3471,4520,'endodeoxyribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3472,4521,'endoribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3473,4522,'pancreatic ribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA to 3\'-phosphomononucleotides and 3\'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in C-P or U-P with 2\',3\'-cyclic phosphate intermediates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3474,4523,'ribonuclease H activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5\'-phosphomonoesters.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3475,4525,'ribonuclease III activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5\'-phosphomonoesters and 3\'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3\' overhang of 2 nt.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3476,4526,'ribonuclease P activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5\' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3477,4527,'exonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3\' or 5\' end.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3478,4528,'phosphodiesterase I activity','F','Catalysis of the sequential hydrolytic removal of 5\'-nucleotides from the 3\'-hydroxy termini of 3\'-hydroxy-terminated oligonucleotides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3479,4529,'exodeoxyribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5\' or 3\' terminus of a DNA molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3480,4530,'deoxyribonuclease I activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to 5\'-phosphodinucleotide and 5\'-phosphooligonucleotide end products.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3481,4531,'deoxyribonuclease II activity','F','Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to 3\'-phosphodinucleotide and 3\'-phosphooligonucleotide end products.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3482,4532,'exoribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5\' or 3\' terminus of an RNA molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3483,4533,'exoribonuclease H activity','F','Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of RNA to 5\'-phosphomonoester oligonucleotides in both 5\' to 3\' and 3\' to 5\' directions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3484,4534,'5\'-3\' exoribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5\' terminus of an RNA molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3485,4535,'poly(A)-specific ribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of poly(A) to 5\'-AMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3486,4536,'deoxyribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3487,4540,'ribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3488,4549,'tRNA-specific ribonuclease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in tRNA molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3489,4550,'nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3490,4551,'nucleotide diphosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3491,4552,'octanol dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 1-octanol + NAD(+) = 1-octanal + H(+) + NADH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3492,4553,'hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3493,4555,'alpha,alpha-trehalase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: alpha,alpha-trehalose + H2O = 2 D-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3494,4556,'alpha-amylase activity','F','Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more alpha-(1->4)-linked D-glucose units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3495,4557,'alpha-galactosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-galactose residues in alpha-D-galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactohydrolase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3496,4558,'alpha-glucosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-(1->4)-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3497,4559,'alpha-mannosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3498,4560,'alpha-L-fucosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha-L-fucoside + H2O = an alcohol + L-fucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3499,4561,'alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3500,4563,'beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3501,4564,'beta-fructofuranosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + H2O = a non fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + a beta-D-fructofuranoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3502,4565,'beta-galactosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3503,4566,'beta-glucuronidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3504,4567,'beta-mannosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-mannose residues in beta-D-mannosides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3505,4568,'chitinase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3506,4569,'glycoprotein endo-alpha-1,2-mannosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal alpha-glucosyl-(1,3)-mannosyl unit from Glc-Man(9)-(GlcNAc)(2) oligosaccharide component of the glycoprotein produced in the Golgi membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3507,4571,'mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3508,4572,'mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->3)- and (1->6)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the mannosyl-oligosaccharide Man(5)(GlcNAc)(3).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3509,4573,'mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the exohydrolysis of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue in the mannosyl-oligosaccharide Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3510,4574,'oligo-1,6-glucosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in some oligosaccharides produced from starch and glycogen by alpha-amylase, and in isomaltose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3511,4575,'sucrose alpha-glucosidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + H2O = alpha-D-glucose + beta-D-fructose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3512,4576,'oligosaccharyl transferase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a oligosaccharyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3513,4577,'N-acetylglucosaminyldiphosphodolichol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-diphosphodolichol = UDP + N,N\'\'-diacetylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3514,4578,'chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-mannose + chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol = GDP + beta-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3515,4579,'dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide + protein L-asparagine = dolichyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by glycosylamine linkage to protein L-asparagine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3516,4581,'dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + dolichyl phosphate = UDP + dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3517,4582,'dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-mannose + dolichyl phosphate = GDP + dolichyl D-mannosyl phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3518,4583,'dolichyl-phosphate-glucose-glycolipid alpha-glucosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of an alpha-D-glucosyl residue from dolichyl-phosphate D-glucose into a membrane lipid-linked oligosaccharide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3519,4584,'dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-glycolipid alpha-mannosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from dolichyl-phosphate D-mannose into membrane lipid-linked oligosaccharide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3520,4585,'ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3521,4586,'ornithine decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine + H(+) = CO(2) + putrescine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3522,4587,'ornithine-oxo-acid transaminase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine + a 2-oxo acid = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + an L-amino acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3523,4588,'orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: orotidine 5\'-phosphate + diphosphate = orotate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3524,4589,'orotate reductase (NADH) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + NAD(+) = H(+) + NADH + orotate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3525,4590,'orotidine-5\'-phosphate decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + orotidine 5\'-phosphate = CO(2) + UMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3526,4591,'oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + lipoamide = S-succinyldihydrolipoamide + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3527,4592,'pantoate-beta-alanine ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (R)-pantoate + beta-alanine = AMP + diphosphate + (R)-pantothenate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3528,4593,'pantothenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantothenate + H(2)O = (R)-pantoate + beta-alanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3529,4594,'pantothenate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantothenate = ADP + D-4\'-phosphopantothenate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3530,4595,'pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantetheine 4\'-phosphate = 3\'-dephospho-CoA + diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3531,4596,'peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-alpha-acetylpeptide. This reaction is the acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid residue of a peptide or protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3532,4597,'peptide-aspartate beta-dioxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: peptide L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptide 3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3533,4598,'peptidylamidoglycolate lyase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: peptidylamidoglycolate = peptidyl amide + glyoxylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3534,4600,'cyclophilin','F','OBSOLETE. A protein to which cyclosporin A (an immunosuppressant) binds. Possesses peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3535,4601,'peroxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3536,4602,'glutathione peroxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3537,4603,'phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylphenylethanolamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3538,4604,'phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine 3\',5\'-diphosphate + H(+) + sulfite + thioredoxin disulfide = 3\'-phospho-5\'-adenylyl sulfate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin; 3\'-phosphoadenosine 5\'-phosphosulfate is also known as PAPS.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3539,4605,'phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + phosphatidate = diphosphate + CDP-diacylglycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3540,4607,'phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3541,4608,'phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+) + phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3542,4609,'phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + phosphatidyl-L-serine = CO(2) + phosphatidylethanolamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3543,4610,'phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3544,4611,'phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: source of phosphate + oxaloacetate = phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2 + other reaction products.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3545,4612,'phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + CO(2) + H(+) + phosphoenolpyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3546,4613,'phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + oxaloacetate = GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3547,4614,'phosphoglucomutase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3548,4615,'phosphomannomutase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate = D-mannose 6-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3549,4616,'phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + CO2 + NADPH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3550,4617,'phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phosphoglycerate + NAD+ = 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + NADH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3551,4618,'phosphoglycerate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glycerate + ATP = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + ADP + H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3552,4619,'phosphoglycerate mutase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3553,4620,'phospholipase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3554,4621,'glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase D activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: glycoprotein phosphatidylinositol + H2O = phosphatidate + glycoprotein inositol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3555,4622,'lysophospholipase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3556,4623,'phospholipase A2 activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3557,4624,'secreted phospholipase A2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3558,4625,'calcium-dependent secreted phospholipase A2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3559,4626,'cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3560,4627,'calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3561,4628,'calcium-independent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3562,4629,'phospholipase C activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3563,4630,'phospholipase D activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3564,4631,'phosphomevalonate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-5-phosphomevalonate + ATP = (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate + ADP + H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3565,4632,'phosphopantothenate--cysteine ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + (R)-4\'-phosphopantothenate + L-cysteine = CMP + diphosphate + (R)-4\'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine. Cysteine can be replaced by some of its derivatives.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3566,4633,'phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: N-[(R)-4-phosphonatopantothenoyl]-L-cysteinate + H(+) = CO(2) + pantetheine 4\'-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3567,4634,'phosphopyruvate hydratase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3568,4635,'phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phosphonatoribosyl)-5\'-AMP + H(2)O = 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3569,4636,'phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP + H(2)O = 1-(5-phosphonatoribosyl)-5\'-AMP + diphosphate + H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3570,4637,'phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine + ATP + glycine = N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3571,4638,'phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + 2 H(+) = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + CO(2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3572,4639,'phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate + ATP = (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3573,4640,'phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: N-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)anthranilate = 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3574,4641,'phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3575,4642,'phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H(2)O = 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3576,4643,'phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + 5\'-phosphoribosyl-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide = tetrahydrofolate + 5\'-phosphoribosyl-5-formamido-4-imidazolecarboxamide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3577,4644,'phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide = tetrahydrofolate + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3578,4645,'phosphorylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) + phosphate = 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. The name should be qualified in each instance by adding the name of the natural substrate, e.g. maltodextrin phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3579,4647,'phosphoserine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L(or D)-O-phosphoserine + H2O = L(or D)-serine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3580,4648,'O-phospho-L-serine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-serine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-phosphonooxypyruvate + L-glutamate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3581,4649,'poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) at glycosidic (1\'\'-2\') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3582,4650,'polygalacturonase activity','F','Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3583,4651,'polynucleotide 5\'-phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 5\'-phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = polynucleotide + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3584,4652,'polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the template-independent extension of the 3\'- end of an RNA or DNA strand by addition of one adenosine molecule at a time. Cannot initiate a chain \'de novo\'. The primer, depending on the source of the enzyme, may be an RNA or DNA fragment, or oligo(A) bearing a 3\'-OH terminal group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3585,4653,'polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + polypeptide = UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-polypeptide. This reaction is the modification of serine or threonine residues in polypeptide chains by the transfer of a N-acetylgalactose from UDP-N-acetylgalactose to the hydroxyl group of the amino acid; it is the first step in O-glycan biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3586,4654,'polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3587,4655,'porphobilinogen synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3588,4656,'procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3589,4657,'proline dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3590,4658,'propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + propanoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3591,4659,'prenyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3592,4660,'protein farnesyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: farnesyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = S-farnesyl protein + diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3593,4661,'protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the covalent addition of a geranylgeranyl (20-carbon isoprenoid) group via thioether linkages to a cysteine residue at or near the C terminus of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3594,4662,'CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = S-geranylgeranyl-protein + diphosphate. This reaction is the formation of a thioether linkage between the C-1 atom of the geranylgeranyl group and a cysteine residue fourth from the C-terminus of the protein. The protein substrates have the C-terminal sequence CA1A2X, where the terminal residue, X, is preferably leucine and A2 should not be aromatic. Known substrates include most g-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins and Ras-related GTPases such as members of the Ras and Rac/Rho families.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3595,4663,'Rab geranylgeranyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = 2 S-geranylgeranyl-protein + 2 diphosphate. This reaction is the formation of two thioether linkages between the C-1 atom of the geranylgeranyl groups and two cysteine residues within the terminal sequence motifs XXCC, XCXC or CCXX. Known substrates include Ras-related GTPases of a single family and the Rab family.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3596,4664,'prephenate dehydratase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H2O + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3597,4665,'prephenate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: NADP(+) + prephenate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + CO(2) + NADPH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3598,4666,'prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + donor-H2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3599,4667,'prostaglandin-D synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin D(2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3600,4668,'protein-arginine deiminase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3601,4671,'protein C-terminal S-isoprenylcysteine carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3602,4672,'protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3603,4673,'protein histidine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-histidine = ADP + protein phospho-L-histidine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3604,4674,'protein serine/threonine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3605,4675,'transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity','F','Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3606,4676,'3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3607,4677,'DNA-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3608,4679,'AMP-activated protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of AMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3609,4680,'casein kinase activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3610,4681,'casein kinase I activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3611,4682,'protein kinase CK2 activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: casein + ATP = phosphocasein + ADP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3612,4683,'calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. These reactions require the presence of calcium-bound calmodulin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3613,4686,'elongation factor-2 kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [elongation factor 2] = ADP + [elongation factor 2] phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3614,4687,'myosin light chain kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-light-chain = ADP + myosin-light-chain phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3615,4689,'phosphorylase kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ATP + 2 phosphorylase b = 4 ADP + phosphorylase a.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3616,4690,'cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of a cyclic nucleotide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3617,4691,'cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of cAMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3618,4692,'cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of cGMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3619,4693,'cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. This reaction requires the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit and full activity requires stimulatory phosphorylation by a CDK-activating kinase (CAK).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3620,4694,'eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit] = ADP + [eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit] phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3621,4697,'protein kinase C activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3622,4698,'calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol and calcium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3623,4699,'calcium-independent protein kinase C activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol but not calcium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3624,4702,'receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity','F','Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3625,4703,'G-protein coupled receptor kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + G-protein coupled receptor = ADP + G-protein coupled receptor phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3626,4704,'NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the phosphorylation of the alpha or beta subunit of the inhibitor of kappaB kinase complex (IKK).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3627,4705,'JUN kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: JUN + ATP = JUN phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation and activation of members of the JUN family, a gene family that encodes nuclear transcription factors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3628,4706,'JUN kinase kinase kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: JNKK + ATP = JNKK phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation and activation of JUN kinase kinases (JNKKs).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3629,4707,'MAP kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3630,4708,'MAP kinase kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the concomitant phosphorylation of threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y) residues in a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) thiolester sequence in a MAP kinase (MAPK) substrate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3631,4709,'MAP kinase kinase kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase; each MAP kinase kinase can be phosphorylated by any of several MAP kinase kinase kinases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3632,4710,'MAP/ERK kinase kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + mitogen activated protein kinase kinase = ADP + mitogen activated protein kinase kinase phosphate.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(3633,4711,'ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ribosomal protein S6 + ATP = ribosomal protein S6 phosphate + ATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3634,4712,'protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3635,4713,'protein tyrosine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3636,4714,'transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity','F','Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3637,4715,'non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine = ADP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3638,4716,'receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity','F','Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3639,4717,'focal adhesion kinase activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3640,4719,'protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-beta-aspartate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-beta-aspartate methyl ester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3641,4720,'protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + H2O + O2 = peptidyl-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3642,4721,'phosphoprotein phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3643,4722,'protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3644,4723,'calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate. These reactions require the presence of calcium ions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3645,4724,'magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate. These reactions require the presence of magnesium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3646,4725,'protein tyrosine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3647,4726,'non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3648,4727,'prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: prenylated-protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = prenylated-protein tyrosine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3649,4728,'receptor signaling protein tyrosine phosphatase activity','F','Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3650,4729,'oxygen-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3 O(2) + protoporphyrinogen IX = 3 H(2)O(2) + protoporphyrin IX.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3651,4730,'pseudouridylate synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + uracil = H(2)O + pseudouridine 5\'-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3652,4731,'purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3653,4732,'pyridoxal oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxal + H2O + O2 = 4-pyridoxate + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3654,4733,'pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5\'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5\'-phosphate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3655,4734,'pyrimidodiazepine synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a pyrimidodiazepine + oxidized glutathione = 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin + 2 glutathione.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3656,4735,'pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + NADP+ = 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NADPH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3657,4736,'pyruvate carboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + bicarbonate + pyruvate = ADP + 2 H(+) + oxaloacetate + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3658,4737,'pyruvate decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a 2-oxo acid = an aldehyde + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3659,4738,'pyruvate dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3660,4739,'pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + lipoamide = S-acetyldihydrolipoamide + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3661,4740,'pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) = ADP + pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3662,4741,'[pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: [pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] phosphate + H2O = [pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3663,4742,'dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + dihydrolipoamide = CoA + S-acetyldihydrolipoamide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3664,4743,'pyruvate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3665,4744,'retinal isomerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinal = 11-cis-retinal.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3666,4745,'retinol dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3667,4746,'riboflavin synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine + H(+) = 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + riboflavin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3668,4747,'ribokinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-ribose = ADP + D-ribose 5-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3669,4748,'ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2\'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3670,4749,'ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ATP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + AMP + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3671,4750,'ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate = D-xylulose 5-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3672,4751,'ribose-5-phosphate isomerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3673,4753,'saccharopine dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the cleavage of N6-(L-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine to release an amino acid (lysine or glutamate), with the concomitant reduction of an electron acceptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3674,4754,'saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-lysine-forming) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H(2)O + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-lysine + H(+) + NADH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3675,4755,'saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H(2)O + NADP(+) = L-allysine + L-glutamate + H(+) + NADPH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3676,4756,'selenide, water dikinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + hydrogen selenide = AMP + 3 H(+) + phosphate + selenophosphorate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3677,4757,'sepiapterin reductase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydrobiopterin + NADP+ = sepiapterin + NADPH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3678,4758,'serine C-palmitoyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + H(+) + palmitoyl-CoA = 3-dehydrosphinganine + CO(2) + CoA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3679,4760,'serine-pyruvate transaminase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3680,4764,'shikimate 3-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: shikimate + NADP+ = 3-dehydroshikimate + NADPH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3681,4765,'shikimate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + shikimate = 3-phosphoshikimate + ADP + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3682,4766,'spermidine synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethioninamine + putrescine = 5\'-methylthioadenosine + spermidine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3683,4767,'sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + sphingomyelin = ceramide + choline phosphate + H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3684,4768,'stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: stearoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = oleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3685,4769,'steroid delta-isomerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid = a 3-oxo-delta(4)-steroid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3686,4771,'sterol esterase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3687,4772,'sterol O-acyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + a sterol = CoA + a sterol ester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3688,4773,'steryl-sulfatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3-beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate + H2O = 3-beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3689,4774,'succinate-CoA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + CoA + nucleotide triphosphate = nucleotide diphosphate + phosphate + succinyl-CoA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3690,4775,'succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3691,4776,'succinate-CoA ligase (GDP-forming) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + succinate + CoA = GDP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3692,4777,'succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3693,4778,'succinyl-CoA hydrolase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + succinyl-CoA = CoA + H(+) + succinate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3694,4779,'sulfate adenylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of an adenylyl group from an adenosine nucleotide (ATP or ADP) to sulfate, forming adenylylsulfate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3695,4780,'sulfate adenylyltransferase (ADP) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ADP + H(+) + sulfate = 5\'-adenylyl sulfate + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3696,4781,'sulfate adenylyltransferase (ATP) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + sulfate = diphosphate + adenylylsulfate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3697,4782,'sulfinoalanine decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3-sulfino-L-alanine = hypotaurine + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3698,4783,'sulfite reductase (NADPH) activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O = sulfite + 3 NADPH + 3 H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3699,4784,'superoxide dismutase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3700,4786,'Mn, Fe superoxide dismutase','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3701,4787,'thiamine-pyrophosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: TDP + H2O = TMP + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3702,4788,'thiamine diphosphokinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = AMP + thiamine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3703,4789,'thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine + 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole + H(+) = diphosphate + thiamine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3704,4790,'thioether S-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + dimethyl sulfide = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + trimethylsulfonium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3705,4791,'thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: NADP(+) + thioredoxin = H(+) + NADPH + thioredoxin disulfide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3706,4792,'thiosulfate sulfurtransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen cyanide + thiosulfate = H(+) + sulfite + thiocyanate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3707,4793,'threonine aldolase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = glycine + acetaldehyde.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3708,4794,'L-threonine ammonia-lyase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH3.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3709,4795,'threonine synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-homoserine + H2O = L-threonine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3710,4796,'thromboxane-A synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = thromboxane A(2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3711,4797,'thymidine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thymidine = ADP + thymidine 5\'-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3712,4798,'thymidylate kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thymidine 5\'-phosphate = ADP + thymidine 5\'-diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3713,4799,'thymidylate synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP = 7,8-dihydrofolate + thymidylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3714,4800,'thyroxine 5\'-deiodinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5,3\'-L-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ = L-thyroxine + donor-H2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3715,4801,'sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-erythrose 4-phosphate + D-fructose 6-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3716,4802,'transketolase activity','F','Catalysis of the reversible transfer of a 2-carbon ketol group (CH2OH-CO-) from a ketose phosphate donor to an aldose phosphate acceptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3717,4803,'transposase activity','F','Catalysis of the transposition of transposable elements or transposons. Transposases are involved in recombination required for transposition and are site-specific for the transposon/transposable element.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3718,4805,'trehalose-phosphatase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: trehalose 6-phosphate + H2O = trehalose + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3719,4806,'triglyceride lipase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3720,4807,'triose-phosphate isomerase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = glycerone phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3721,4808,'tRNA (5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate)-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3722,4809,'tRNA (guanine-N2-)-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA containing guanine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N2-methylguanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3723,4810,'tRNA adenylyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3724,4812,'aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3725,4813,'alanine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-alanine + tRNA(Ala) = AMP + diphosphate + L-alanyl-tRNA(Ala).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3726,4814,'arginine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3727,4815,'aspartate-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + tRNA(Asp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-aspartyl-tRNA(Asp).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3728,4816,'asparagine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-asparagine + ATP + tRNA(Asn) = AMP + Asn-tRNA(Asn) + diphosphate + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3729,4817,'cysteine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-cysteine + tRNA(Cys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3730,4818,'glutamate-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamate + tRNA(Glu) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3731,4819,'glutamine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamine + tRNA(Gln) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3732,4820,'glycine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycine + tRNA(Gly) = AMP + diphosphate + glycyl-tRNA(Gly).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3733,4821,'histidine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-histidine + tRNA(His) = AMP + diphosphate + L-histidyl-tRNA(His).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3734,4822,'isoleucine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + ATP + tRNA(Ile) = L-isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3735,4823,'leucine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + ATP + tRNA(Leu) = AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+) + Leu-tRNA(Leu).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3736,4824,'lysine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3737,4825,'methionine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-methionine + tRNA(Met) = AMP + diphosphate + L-methionyl-tRNA(Met).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3738,4826,'phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNA(Phe) = AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3739,4827,'proline-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-proline + tRNA(Pro) = AMP + diphosphate + L-prolyl-tRNA(Pro).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3740,4828,'serine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-serine + tRNA(Ser) = AMP + diphosphate + L-seryl-tRNA(Ser).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3741,4829,'threonine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-threonine + tRNA(Thr) = AMP + diphosphate + L-threonyl-tRNA(Thr).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3742,4830,'tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNA(Trp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophanyl-tRNA(Trp).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3743,4831,'tyrosine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + ATP + tRNA(Tyr) = L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3744,4832,'valine-tRNA ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + ATP + tRNA(Val) = L-valyl-tRNA(Val) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3745,4833,'tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3746,4834,'tryptophan synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + (1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate = L-tryptophan + glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3747,4835,'tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3748,4836,'tyramine-beta hydroxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the hydroxylation of tyramine to form octopamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3749,4837,'tyrosine decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine = tyramine + CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3750,4838,'L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + L-glutamate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3751,4839,'ubiquitin activating enzyme activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: a protein L-lysine + a ubiquitin + ATP = a protein-N-ubiquityl-lysine + AMP + diphosphate. This reaction is the activation of the C-terminal carboxyl group of ubiquitin by the formation of a high-energy thiolester bond in an ATP-dependent manner.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3752,4842,'ubiquitin-protein ligase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3753,4843,'ubiquitin-specific protease activity','F','Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various forms of polymeric ubiquitin sequences.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3754,4844,'uracil DNA N-glycosylase activity','F','Catalysis of the cleavage of the N-C1\' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar, releasing a free base and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site. Enzymes with this activity recognize and remove uracil bases in DNA that result from the deamination of cytosine or the misincorporation of dUTP opposite an adenine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3755,4845,'uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + UMP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + uracil.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3756,4846,'urate oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: urate + O2 + H2O = 5-hydroxyisourate + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3757,4847,'urea carboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + bicarbonate + urea = ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate + urea-1-carboxylate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3758,4848,'ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-ureidoglycolate + H(2)O + 2 H(+) = CO(2) + glyoxylate + 2 NH(4)(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3759,4849,'uridine kinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + uridine = ADP + UMP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3760,4850,'uridine phosphorylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: uridine + phosphate = uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3761,4851,'uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uroporphyrin III = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + precorrin-2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3762,4852,'uroporphyrinogen-III synthase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylbilane = H(2)O + uroporphyrinogen III.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3763,4853,'uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: uroporphyrinogen-III = coproporphyrinogen + 4 CO2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3764,4854,'xanthine dehydrogenase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + NAD+ + H2O = urate + NADH + H+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3765,4855,'xanthine oxidase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + H2O + O2 = urate + hydrogen peroxide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3766,4856,'xylulokinase activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: D-xylulose + ATP = D-xylulose 5-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3767,4857,'enzyme inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3768,4858,'dUTP pyrophosphatase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of dUTP pyrophosphatase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3769,4859,'phospholipase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a phospholipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a phospholipid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3770,4860,'protein kinase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3771,4861,'cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3772,4862,'cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3773,4864,'protein phosphatase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate groups from phosphorylated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3774,4865,'protein serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a serine/threonine protein phosphatase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: protein serine/threonine phosphate + H2O = protein serine/threonine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3775,4866,'endopeptidase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3776,4867,'serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3777,4868,'serpin','F','OBSOLETE. A superfamily of proteins, many of which inhibit serine proteinases and exhibit a high degree of homology with classical serine proteinase inhibitors such as alpha1-antitrypsin or antithrombin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3778,4869,'cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in polypeptides by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3779,4871,'signal transducer activity','F','Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3780,4872,'receptor activity','F','Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3781,4873,'asialoglycoprotein receptor activity','F','Receiving an asialoglycoprotein, and delivering the asialoglycoprotein into the cell via endocytosis. An asialoglycoprotein is a plasma glycoproteins from which the terminal sialic acid residue on their complex carbohydrate groups has been removed. The asialoglycoprotein receptor recognizes the terminal galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine units of the asialoglycoprotein, the receptor-ligand complex is internalized and transported to a sorting organelle where disassociation occurs before the receptor is recycled to the cell membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3782,4874,'aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity','F','Combining with an aryl hydrocarbon and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor which translocates to the nucleus to activate transcription upon ligand-binding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3783,4875,'complement receptor activity','F','Combining with any component or product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3784,4876,'complement component C3a receptor activity','F','Combining with the C3a product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3785,4877,'complement component C3b receptor activity','F','Combining with the C3b product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3786,4878,'complement component C5a receptor activity','F','Combining with the C5a product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3787,4879,'ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity','F','Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3788,4880,'juvenile hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with juvenile hormone and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3789,4882,'androgen receptor activity','F','Combining with an androgen and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with an androgen response element in DNA in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3790,4883,'glucocorticoid receptor activity','F','Combining with a glucocorticoid and transmitting the signal within the cell trigger a change in cell activity or function.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3791,4884,'ecdysteroid hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with an ecdysteroid hormone and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3792,4886,'9-cis retinoic acid receptor activity','F','Combining with 9-cis retinoic acid and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3793,4887,'thyroid hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with thyroid hormone and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3794,4888,'transmembrane signaling receptor activity','F','Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3795,4889,'acetylcholine-activated cation-selective channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens upon binding acetylcholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3796,4890,'GABA-A receptor activity','F','Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) to initiate a change in cell activity. GABA-A receptors function as chloride channels.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3797,4892,'B cell receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3798,4894,'T cell receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3799,4895,'cell adhesion receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with cell adhesion molecules to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3800,4896,'cytokine receptor activity','F','Combining with a cytokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3801,4897,'ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor activity','F','Combining with ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3802,4898,'gp130','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3803,4900,'erythropoietin receptor activity','F','Combining with erythropoietin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3804,4901,'granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity','F','Combining with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3805,4902,'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor activity','F','Combining with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3806,4903,'growth hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with a growth hormone and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3807,4904,'interferon receptor activity','F','Combining with an interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3808,4905,'type I interferon receptor activity','F','Combining with a type I interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3809,4906,'interferon-gamma receptor activity','F','Combining with interferon-gamma (also known as type II interferon) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3810,4908,'interleukin-1 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity. Interleukin-1 is produced mainly by activated macrophages and is involved in the inflammatory response.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3811,4909,'interleukin-1, Type I, activating receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity via signaling pathways and mediated by adaptor proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3812,4910,'interleukin-1, Type II, blocking receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity by inhibiting the activity of type I interleukin receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3813,4911,'interleukin-2 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-2 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3814,4912,'interleukin-3 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-3 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3815,4913,'interleukin-4 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-4 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3816,4914,'interleukin-5 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-5 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3817,4915,'interleukin-6 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-6 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3818,4917,'interleukin-7 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-7 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3819,4918,'interleukin-8 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-8 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3820,4919,'interleukin-9 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-9 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3821,4920,'interleukin-10 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-10 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3822,4921,'interleukin-11 receptor activity','F','Combining with interleukin-11 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3823,4923,'leukemia inhibitory factor receptor activity','F','Combining with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3824,4924,'oncostatin-M receptor activity','F','Combining with oncostatin-M and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3825,4925,'prolactin receptor activity','F','Combining with prolactin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3826,4927,'sevenless receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3827,4928,'frizzled receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with a member of the Wnt-family of signaling molecules to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3828,4929,'frizzled-2 receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with to a member of the Wnt-family of signaling molecules to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3829,4930,'G-protein coupled receptor activity','F','Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3830,4931,'extracellular ATP-gated cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when extracellular ATP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3831,4932,'mating-type factor pheromone receptor activity','F','Combining with a mating-type factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3832,4933,'mating-type a-factor pheromone receptor activity','F','Combining with the mating-type a-factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3833,4934,'mating-type alpha-factor pheromone receptor activity','F','Combining with the mating-type alpha-factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3834,4935,'adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3835,4936,'alpha-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha-adrenergic receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3836,4937,'alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha1-adrenergic receptors; the activity involves transmitting the signal to the Gq alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3837,4938,'alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha2-adrenergic receptors; the activity involves transmitting the signal to the Gi alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3838,4939,'beta-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of beta-adrenergic receptors; the activity involves transmitting the signal to the Gs alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3839,4940,'beta1-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of beta1-adrenergic receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3840,4941,'beta2-adrenergic receptor activity','F','Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of beta2-adrenergic receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3841,4942,'anaphylatoxin receptor activity','F','Combining with anaphylatoxin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3842,4943,'C3a anaphylatoxin receptor activity','F','Combining with anaphylatoxin C3a to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3843,4944,'C5a anaphylatoxin receptor activity','F','Combining with anaphylatoxin C5a to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3844,4945,'angiotensin type II receptor activity','F','An angiotensin receptor activity that acts via Gi protein coupling and cGMP (NO) generation, and may also act via additional signaling mechanisms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3845,4946,'bombesin receptor activity','F','Combining with bombesin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3846,4947,'bradykinin receptor activity','F','Combining with bradykinin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3847,4948,'calcitonin receptor activity','F','Combining with calcitonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3848,4949,'cannabinoid receptor activity','F','Combining with a cannabinoid to initiate a change in cell activity. Cannabinoids are a class of diverse chemical compounds that include the endocannabinoids and the phytocannabinoids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3849,4950,'chemokine receptor activity','F','Combining with a chemokine, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Chemokines are small chemoattractant molecules normally used to stimulate leukocytes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3850,4951,'cholecystokinin receptor activity','F','Combining with cholecystokinin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein to initiate a change in cell activity. Cholecystokinin can act as a neuropeptide or as a gastrointestinal hormone.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3851,4952,'dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity','F','Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3852,4953,'icosanoid receptor activity','F','Combining with an icosanoid to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3853,4954,'prostanoid receptor activity','F','Combining with a prostanoid, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure, to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3854,4955,'prostaglandin receptor activity','F','Combining with a prostaglandin (PG) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3855,4956,'prostaglandin D receptor activity','F','Combining with prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3856,4957,'prostaglandin E receptor activity','F','Combining with prostaglandin E (PGE(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3857,4958,'prostaglandin F receptor activity','F','Combining with prostaglandin F (PGF (2-alpha)) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3858,4960,'thromboxane receptor activity','F','Combining with a thromboxane (TXA) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3859,4961,'thromboxane A2 receptor activity','F','Combining with thromboxane A2 (TXA(2)) and transmitting the signal across the membrane to activate an associated G-protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3860,4962,'endothelin receptor activity','F','Combining with endothelin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3861,4963,'follicle-stimulating hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with follicle-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3862,4964,'luteinizing hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with luteinizing hormone (also called lutropin) to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3863,4965,'G-protein coupled GABA receptor activity','F','Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3864,4966,'galanin receptor activity','F','Combining with galanin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3865,4967,'glucagon receptor activity','F','Combining with glucagon and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3866,4968,'gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with gonadotropin-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is synthesized and released by the hypothalamus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3867,4969,'histamine receptor activity','F','Combining with histamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3868,4970,'ionotropic glutamate receptor activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3869,4971,'alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity','F','An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3870,4972,'N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity','F','An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits slow gating by glutamate, acts by opening a nonselective cation channel, and can be activated by L-aspartate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3871,4973,'N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3872,4974,'leukotriene receptor activity','F','Combining with a leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Leukotrienes are pharmacologically active substances with a set of three conjugated double bonds; some contain a peptide group based on cysteine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3873,4977,'melanocortin receptor activity','F','Combining with melanocortin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3874,4978,'corticotropin receptor activity','F','Combining with corticotropin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3875,4979,'beta-endorphin receptor activity','F','Combining with beta-endorphin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Beta-endorphin is a peptide, 31 amino acids long, resulting from processing of the precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3876,4980,'melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with melanocyte-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3877,4981,'muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activity','F','Combining with acetylcholine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of muscarinic receptors.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(3878,4982,'N-formyl peptide receptor activity','F','Combining with an N-formyl peptide to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3879,4983,'neuropeptide Y receptor activity','F','Combining with neuropeptide Y to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3880,4984,'olfactory receptor activity','F','Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3881,4985,'opioid receptor activity','F','Combining with an opioid (any narcotic derived from or resembling opium), and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3882,4986,'delta-opioid receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with an opioid to initiate a change in cell activity, with the pharmacological characteristics of delta-opioid receptors, including the activity of enkephalins as ligands.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3883,4987,'kappa-opioid receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with an opioid to initiate a change in cell activity, with the pharmacological characteristics of kappa-opioid receptors, including high affinity for dynorphins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3884,4988,'mu-opioid receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. Combining with an opioid to initiate a change in cell activity, with the pharmacological characteristics of mu-opioid receptors, including high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin but low affinity for dynorphins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3885,4989,'octopamine receptor activity','F','Combining with the biogenic amine octopamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Octopamine is found in both vertebrates and invertebrates and can have properties both of a hormone and a neurotransmitter and acts as an adrenergic agonist.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3886,4990,'oxytocin receptor activity','F','Combining with oxytocin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3887,4991,'parathyroid hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with parathyroid hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3888,4992,'platelet activating factor receptor activity','F','Combining with platelet activating factor to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3889,4993,'serotonin receptor activity','F','Combining with the biogenic amine serotonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates and invertebrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3890,4994,'somatostatin receptor activity','F','Combining with somatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system by signaling via G-protein coupled somatostatin receptors. Somatostatin has two active forms produced by proteolytic cleavage: a 14 amino acid peptide (SST-14) and a 28 amino acid peptide (SST-28).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3891,4995,'tachykinin receptor activity','F','Combining with a tachykinin neuropeptide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3892,4996,'thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with thyroid-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3893,4997,'thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity','F','Combining with thyrotropin-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3894,4998,'transferrin receptor activity','F','Combining selectively with transferrin, and delivering transferrin into the cell via endocytosis. Transferrin is a major iron carrier protein in vertebrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3895,4999,'vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity','F','Combining with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3896,5000,'vasopressin receptor activity','F','Combining with vasopressin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3897,5001,'transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity','F','Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3898,5003,'ephrin receptor activity','F','Combining with an ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3899,5004,'GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity','F','Combining with a GPI-anchored ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3900,5005,'transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity','F','Combining with a transmembrane ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3901,5006,'epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with an epidermal growth factor and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3902,5007,'fibroblast growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with a fibroblast growth factor and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3903,5008,'hepatocyte growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with hepatocyte growth factor and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3904,5009,'insulin-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with insulin and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3905,5010,'insulin-like growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with insulin-like growth factor and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3906,5011,'macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity','F','Combining with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3907,5012,'Neu/ErbB-2 receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3908,5013,'neurotrophin TRK receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3909,5014,'neurotrophin TRKA receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3910,5015,'neurotrophin TRKB receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3911,5016,'neurotrophin TRKC receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3912,5017,'platelet-derived growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with platelet-derived growth factor and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3913,5018,'platelet-derived growth factor alpha-receptor activity','F','Combining with platelet-derived growth factor isoform PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB or PDGF-AB to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3914,5019,'platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity','F','Combining with platelet-derived growth factor isoform PDGF-BB or PDGF-AB to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3915,5020,'stem cell factor receptor activity','F','Combining with stem cell factor (SCF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate. Stem cell factor is a cytokine that stimulates mast cell growth and differentiation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3916,5021,'vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3917,5024,'transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3918,5025,'transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I','F','Combining with a complex of transforming growth factor beta and a type II TGF-beta receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of TGF-beta signals.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3919,5026,'transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type II','F','Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a type I TGF-beta receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3920,5027,'NGF/TNF (6 C-domain) receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3921,5028,'CD40 receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3922,5029,'CD27 receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3923,5030,'neurotrophin receptor activity','F','Combining with a neurotrophin, any of a family of growth factors that prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3924,5031,'tumor necrosis factor-activated receptor activity','F','Combining with tumor necrosis factor, a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages, to initiate a change in cell function.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3925,5034,'osmosensor activity','F','Sensing extracellular osmolarity to initiate a change in cell activity, and spanning the membrane of the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3926,5035,'death receptor activity','F','Combining with an extracellular messenger (called a death ligand), and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3927,5037,'death receptor adaptor protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3928,5038,'death receptor interacting protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3929,5039,'death receptor-associated factor activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3930,5040,'decoy death receptor activity','F','Combining with an extracellular messenger (death ligand) without transmission of the signal. Decoy death receptors compete with death receptors for ligand binding, and do not initiate apoptosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3931,5041,'low-density lipoprotein receptor activity','F','Combining with a low-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the low-density lipoprotein into the cell via endocytosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3932,5042,'netrin receptor activity','F','Combining with a netrin signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3933,5043,'netrin receptor activity involved in chemorepulsion','F','Combining with a netrin signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to contribute to the directed movement of a motile cell away from a higher concentration of netrin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3934,5044,'scavenger receptor activity','F','Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3935,5045,'endoplasmic reticulum receptor activity','F','OBSOLETE. A receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3936,5046,'KDEL sequence binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a KDEL sequence, the C terminus tetrapeptide sequence Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu found in proteins that are to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3937,5047,'signal recognition particle binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the signal recognition particle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3938,5048,'signal sequence binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3939,5049,'nuclear export signal receptor activity','F','Combining with a nuclear export signal (NES) to mediate transport of the NES-containing protein through the nuclear pore to the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3940,5050,'peroxisome receptor','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3941,5052,'peroxisome matrix targeting signal-1 binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type 1 peroxisome targeting signal, a tripeptide with the consensus sequence (S/A/C)-(K/R/H)-L.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3942,5053,'peroxisome matrix targeting signal-2 binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type 2 peroxisome targeting signal, a nonapeptide with a broad consensus sequence of (R/K)-(L/V/I)-(XXXXX)-(H/Q)-(L/A/F).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3943,5054,'peroxisome integral membrane receptor','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3944,5055,'laminin receptor activity','F','Combining with a laminin, a glycoprotein that constitutes the majority of proteins in the basement membrane, to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3945,5056,'tiggrin receptor activity','F','Combining with the extracellular matrix ligand tiggrin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3946,5057,'receptor signaling protein activity','F','Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3947,5061,'aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3948,5065,'heterotrimeric G-protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3949,5066,'transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3950,5068,'transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase adaptor activity','F','The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3951,5070,'SH3/SH2 adaptor activity','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently and simultaneously with one or more signal transduction molecules, usually acting as a scaffold to bring these molecules into close proximity either using their own SH2/SH3 domains (e.g. Grb2) or those of their target molecules (e.g. SAM68).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3952,5071,'transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3953,5072,'transforming growth factor beta receptor, cytoplasmic mediator activity','F','Activity of any of the molecules that transmit the signal from a TGF-beta receptor through the cytoplasm to the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3954,5073,'common-partner SMAD protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3955,5074,'inhibitory SMAD protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3956,5075,'pathway-specific SMAD protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3957,5076,'receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase signaling protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3958,5077,'MAP-kinase anchoring activity','F','OBSOLETE. Binds to MAP kinase and anchors it to a particular subcellular location.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3959,5078,'MAP-kinase scaffold activity','F','The binding activity of a molecule that functions as a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complex. Binds multiple kinases of the MAPKKK cascade, and also upstream signaling proteins, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Bringing together multiple enzymes and their substrates enables the signal to be transduced quickly and efficiently.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3960,5079,'protein kinase A anchoring activity','F','OBSOLETE. Binds to protein kinase A and anchors it to a particular subcellular location.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3961,5080,'protein kinase C binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with protein kinase C.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3962,5081,'receptor signaling protein serine/threonine phosphatase signaling protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3963,5082,'receptor signaling protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling protein activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3964,5083,'small GTPase regulator activity','F','Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3965,5085,'guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3966,5086,'ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3967,5087,'Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Ran family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3968,5088,'Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Ras superfamily. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3969,5089,'Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3970,5090,'Sar guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity','F','Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Sar family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3971,5091,'guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor adaptor activity','F','The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor and one or more other proteins, permitting them to function in a coordinated way.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3972,5092,'GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity','F','Prevents the dissociation of GDP from a GTPase, thereby preventing GTP from binding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3973,5093,'Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity','F','Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rab, thereby preventing GTP from binding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3974,5094,'Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity','F','Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rho, thereby preventing GTP from binding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3975,5095,'GTPase inhibitor activity','F','Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and orthophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3976,5096,'GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3977,5097,'Rab GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3978,5098,'Ran GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Ran family.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3979,5099,'Ras GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Ras superfamily.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3980,5100,'Rho GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rho family.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3981,5101,'Sar GTPase activator activity','F','Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Sar family.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3982,5102,'receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3983,5104,'fibroblast growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3984,5105,'type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3985,5106,'ephrin','F','OBSOLETE. A class of proteins that interact with the ephrin receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3986,5107,'GPI-linked ephrin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3987,5108,'transmembrane ephrin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3988,5109,'frizzled binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the frizzled (fz) receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3989,5110,'frizzled-2 binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with frizzled-2 (fz2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3990,5111,'type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3991,5112,'Notch binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the Notch (N) protein, a surface receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3992,5113,'patched binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the patched (ptc) protein, a receptor for hedgehog proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3993,5114,'type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type II transforming growth factor beta receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3994,5115,'receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (Ror).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3995,5117,'wishful thinking binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with wishful thinking (Wit), a type II bone morphogenic protein receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3996,5118,'sevenless binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the sevenless (sev) protein, a receptor tyrosine kinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3997,5119,'smoothened binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the smoothened (smo) protein, which interacts with patched to transmit hedgehog signals.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3998,5121,'Toll binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the Toll protein, a transmembrane receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(3999,5122,'torso binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the torso (tor) protein, a receptor tyrosine kinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4000,5123,'death receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the death receptor (DR) family. The DR family falls within the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is characterized by a cytoplasmic region of ~80 residues termed the death domain (DD).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4001,5124,'scavenger receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with scavenger receptors, a family of proteins that are expressed on myeloid cells and are involved in the uptake of effete cellular components and foreign particles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4002,5125,'cytokine activity','F','Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4003,5126,'cytokine receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cytokine receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4004,5127,'ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4005,5128,'erythropoietin receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the erythropoietin receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4006,5129,'granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4007,5130,'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4008,5131,'growth hormone receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the growth hormone receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4009,5132,'interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interferon-alpha/beta receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4010,5133,'interferon-gamma receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interferon-gamma receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4011,5134,'interleukin-2 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-2 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4012,5135,'interleukin-3 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-3 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4013,5136,'interleukin-4 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-4 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4014,5137,'interleukin-5 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-5 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4015,5138,'interleukin-6 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-6 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4016,5139,'interleukin-7 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-7 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4017,5140,'interleukin-9 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-9 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4018,5141,'interleukin-10 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-10 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4019,5142,'interleukin-11 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-11 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4020,5143,'interleukin-12 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-12 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4021,5144,'interleukin-13 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-13 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4022,5145,'interleukin-14 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-14 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4023,5146,'leukemia inhibitory factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4024,5147,'oncostatin-M receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oncostatin-M receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4025,5148,'prolactin receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the prolactin receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4026,5149,'interleukin-1 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-1 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4027,5150,'interleukin-1, Type I receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Type I interleukin-1 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4028,5151,'interleukin-1, Type II receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Type II interleukin-1 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4029,5152,'interleukin-1 receptor antagonist activity','F','Blocks the binding of interleukin-1 to the interleukin-1 receptor complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4030,5153,'interleukin-8 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-8 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4031,5154,'epidermal growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the epidermal growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4032,5155,'epidermal growth factor receptor activating ligand activity','F','OBSOLETE. This term was not defined before being made obsolete.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4033,5156,'epidermal growth factor receptor inhibiting ligand activity','F','OBSOLETE. This term was not defined before being made obsolete.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4034,5157,'macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4035,5158,'insulin receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4036,5159,'insulin-like growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin-like growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4037,5160,'transforming growth factor beta receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4038,5161,'platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the platelet-derived growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4039,5163,'nerve growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the nerve growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4040,5164,'tumor necrosis factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the tumor necrosis factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4041,5165,'neurotrophin receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a neurotrophin receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4042,5166,'neurotrophin p75 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin p75 receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4043,5167,'neurotrophin TRK receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a neurotrophin TRK receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4044,5168,'neurotrophin TRKA receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKA receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4045,5169,'neurotrophin TRKB receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKB receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4046,5170,'neurotrophin TRKC receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKC receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4047,5171,'hepatocyte growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the hepatocyte growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4048,5172,'vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4049,5173,'stem cell factor receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the stem cell factor receptor (SCFR), a type III transmembrane kinase receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4050,5174,'CD40 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with CD40, a receptor found on the surface of all B-lymphocytes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4051,5175,'CD27 receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a CD27, a receptor found on the surface of T cells and some B cells and NK cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4052,5176,'ErbB-2 class receptor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the protein-tyrosine kinase receptor Neu/ErbB-2/HER2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4053,5177,'neuroligin','F','OBSOLETE. A class of ligands for neurexins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4054,5178,'integrin binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an integrin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4055,5179,'hormone activity','F','The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4056,5180,'peptide hormone','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4057,5181,'glycopeptide hormone','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4058,5182,'lipopeptide hormone','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4059,5183,'gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity','F','The action characteristic of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH), any of a family of decapeptide amide hormones that are released by the hypothalamus in response to neural and/or chemical stimuli. In at least mammals, upon receptor binding, GnRH causes the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the anterior pituitary.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4060,5184,'neuropeptide hormone activity','F','The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4061,5185,'neurohypophyseal hormone activity','F','The action characteristic of a neurohypophyseal hormone, any of a family of structurally and functionally related nonapeptides that are synthesized as part of a larger precursor molecule comprising a signal peptide, the nonapeptide hormone, and a neurophysin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4062,5186,'pheromone activity','F','The activity of binding to and activating specific cell surface receptors, thereby inducing behavioral, developmental, or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell. The substance may be released or retained on the cell surface. Pheromones may serve as a specific attractant, social communicator, or sexual stimulant.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4063,5187,'storage protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4064,5188,'larval serum protein (sensu Insecta)','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4065,5189,'milk protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4066,5190,'seminal fluid protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4067,5191,'acidic epididymal glycoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4068,5192,'urinary protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4069,5193,'major urinary protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4070,5194,'cell adhesion molecule activity','F','OBSOLETE. Mediates the adhesion of the cell to other cells or to the extracellular matrix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4071,5198,'structural molecule activity','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4072,5199,'structural constituent of cell wall','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cell wall.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4073,5200,'structural constituent of cytoskeleton','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4074,5201,'extracellular matrix structural constituent','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4075,5202,'collagen','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4076,5203,'proteoglycan','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4077,5204,'chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4078,5205,'chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4079,5206,'heparin sulfate proteoglycan','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4080,5207,'extracellular matrix glycoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4081,5208,'amyloid protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4082,5209,'plasma protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4083,5211,'plasma glycoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4084,5212,'structural constituent of eye lens','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the lens of an eye.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4085,5213,'structural constituent of chorion','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a chorion. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4086,5214,'structural constituent of chitin-based cuticle','F','The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a chitin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4087,5215,'transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4088,5216,'ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4089,5217,'intracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4090,5218,'intracellular ligand-gated calcium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4091,5219,'ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4092,5220,'inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4093,5221,'intracellular cyclic nucleotide activated cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cyclic nucleotide has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4094,5222,'intracellular cAMP activated cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4095,5223,'intracellular cGMP activated cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cGMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4096,5224,'ATP-binding and phosphorylation-dependent chloride channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when ATP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4097,5225,'volume-sensitive anion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a volume-sensitive channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A volume-sensitive channel is a channel that responds to changes in the volume of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4098,5227,'calcium activated cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4099,5228,'intracellular sodium activated potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel that opens in response to stimulus by a sodium ion or ions. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. Sodium activated potassium channels have distinctive properties, including a large single channel conductance, subconductance states, and a block of single channel currents at positive potentials, similar to inward rectification.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4100,5229,'intracellular calcium activated chloride channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of chloride by a channel that opens in response to stimulus by a calcium ion or ions. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4101,5230,'extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4102,5231,'excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular excitatory ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. Excitatory ligands, such as acetylcholine or glutamate, open cation-selective channels.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4103,5232,'serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, and that is activated by serotonin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4104,5234,'extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4105,5237,'inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular inhibitory ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. Inhibitory ligands, such as GABA or glycine, open chloride-selective channels.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4106,5240,'glycine receptor-associated protein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4107,5241,'inward rectifier channel','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4108,5242,'inward rectifier potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force. The inward-rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a specific ligand or ligands, and as a result the macroscopic conductance depends on the difference between membrane voltage and the K+ equilibrium potential rather than on membrane voltage itself.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4109,5243,'gap junction channel activity','F','A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from one cell to an adjacent cell. The gap junction can pass large solutes as well as electrical signals between cells. Gap junctions consist of two gap junction hemi-channels, or connexons, one contributed by each membrane through which the gap junction passes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4110,5244,'voltage-gated ion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a voltage-gated channel. An ion is an atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4111,5245,'voltage-gated calcium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4112,5246,'calcium channel regulator activity','F','Modulates the activity of a calcium channel.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4113,5247,'voltage-gated chloride channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4114,5248,'voltage-gated sodium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4115,5249,'voltage-gated potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4116,5250,'A-type (transient outward) potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an outwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel that produces a transient outward current upon a step change in membrane potential.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4117,5251,'delayed rectifier potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a delayed rectifying voltage-gated channel. A delayed rectifying current-voltage relation is one where channel activation kinetics are time-dependent, and activation is slow.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4118,5252,'open rectifier potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an open rectifier voltage-gated channel. An open rectifier current-voltage relationship is one in which the direction of rectification depends on the external potassium ion concentration.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4119,5253,'anion channel activity','F','Catalysis of the energy-independent passage of anions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4120,5254,'chloride channel activity','F','Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a chloride (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4121,5260,'channel-conductance-controlling ATPase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. An animal enzyme that is active in forming a chloride channel, the absence of which brings about cystic fibrosis. It is also involved in the functioning of other transmembrane channels.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4122,5261,'cation channel activity','F','Catalysis of the energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4123,5262,'calcium channel activity','F','Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4124,5267,'potassium channel activity','F','Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4125,5272,'sodium channel activity','F','Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4126,5274,'allantoin uptake transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: allantoin(out) + H+(out) = allantoin(in) + H+(in) by secondary active transport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4127,5275,'amine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of amines, including polyamines, from one side of the membrane to the other. Amines are organic compounds that are weakly basic in character and contain an amino (-NH2) or substituted amino group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4128,5276,'vesicular hydrogen:amino acid antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a vesicle membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(in) + amino acid(out) = H+(out) + amino acid(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4129,5277,'acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of acetylcholine from one side of the membrane to the other. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4130,5278,'acetylcholine:hydrogen antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + acetylcholine(in) = H+(in) + acetylcholine(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4131,5280,'hydrogen:amino acid symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + H+(out) = amino acid(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4132,5281,'general amino acid permease activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4133,5283,'sodium:amino acid symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + Na+(out) = amino acid(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4134,5287,'high affinity basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Acidic amino acids have a pH above 7. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4135,5289,'high affinity arginine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of arginine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4136,5290,'L-histidine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of L-histidine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-histidine is 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4137,5291,'high affinity L-histidine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of L-histidine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-histidine is 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4138,5292,'high affinity lysine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4139,5294,'neutral L-amino acid secondary active transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a neutral L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4140,5295,'neutral amino acid:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neutral amino acid(out) + Na+(out) = neutral amino acid(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4141,5297,'hydrogen:proline symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: proline(out) + H+(out) = proline(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4142,5298,'proline:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: proline(out) + Na+(out) = proline(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4143,5300,'high-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4144,5301,'valine/tyrosine/tryptophan permease activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4145,5302,'L-tyrosine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of L-tyrosine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-tyrosine is 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4146,5304,'L-valine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of L-valine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-valine is 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4147,5307,'choline:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: choline(out) + Na+(out) = choline(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4148,5308,'creatine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of creatine across a membrane. Creatine is a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4149,5309,'creatine:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: creatine(out) + Na+(out) = creatine(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4150,5310,'dicarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of dicarboxylic acids from one side of the membrane to the other. A dicarboxylic acid is an organic acid with two COOH groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4151,5311,'sodium:dicarboxylate/tricarboxylate symporter activity','F','OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: (dicarboxylate or tricarboxylate)(out) + Na+(out) = (dicarboxylate or tricarboxylate)(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4152,5313,'L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of L-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamate is the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4153,5314,'high-affinity glutamate transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glutamate(out) + H+(out) = glutamate(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4154,5315,'inorganic phosphate transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a inorganic phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4155,5316,'high affinity inorganic phosphate:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: HPO42-(out) + Na+(out) = HPO42-(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4156,5318,'phosphate:hydrogen symporter','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4157,5319,'lipid transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4158,5320,'apolipoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4159,5321,'high-density lipoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4160,5322,'low-density lipoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4161,5323,'very-low-density lipoprotein','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4162,5324,'long-chain fatty acid transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4163,5325,'peroxisomal fatty-acyl-CoA transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + fatty acyl CoA(cis) = ADP + phosphate + fatty acyl CoA(trans). The transport of fatty acyl CoA into and out of peroxisomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4164,5326,'neurotransmitter transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4165,5328,'neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4166,5329,'dopamine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of dopamine from one side of the membrane to the other. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4167,5330,'dopamine:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dopamine(out) + Na+(out) = dopamine(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4168,5332,'gamma-aminobutyric acid:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + Na+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4169,5333,'norepinephrine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of norepinephrine from one side of the membrane to the other. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4170,5334,'norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: norepinephrine(out) + Na+(out) = norepinephrine(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4171,5335,'serotonin:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: serotonin(out) + Na+(out) = serotonin(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4172,5337,'nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide) from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4173,5338,'nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotide-sugar from one side of the membrane to the other. A nucleotide-sugar is any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5\'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4174,5340,'nucleotide-sulfate transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of nucleotide-sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4175,5342,'organic acid transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, from one side of the membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4176,5343,'organic acid:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: organic acid(out) + Na+(out) = organic acid(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4177,5344,'oxygen transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4178,5345,'purine nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4179,5346,'purine ribonucleotide transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside (a purine organic base attached to a ribose sugar) esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4180,5347,'ATP transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of ATP, adenosine triphosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4181,5350,'pyrimidine nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of pyrimidine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4182,5351,'sugar:hydrogen symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4183,5352,'alpha-glucoside:hydrogen symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-glucoside(out) + H+(out) = alpha-glucoside(in) + H+(in). Alpha-glucosides include trehalose, maltose, turanose, isomaltose, alpha-methylglucoside, maltotriose, palatinose, trehalose and melezitose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4184,5353,'fructose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of fructose from one side of the membrane to the other. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4185,5354,'galactose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of galactose from one side of the membrane to the other. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4186,5355,'glucose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of the hexose monosaccharide glucose from one side of the membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4187,5356,'hydrogen:glucose symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4188,5357,'constitutive hydrogen:glucose symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. This activity is constitutive and therefore always present, regardless of demand. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4189,5358,'high-affinity hydrogen:glucose symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. This activity is constitutive and therefore always present, regardless of demand. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4190,5359,'low-affinity hydrogen:glucose symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. In low affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4191,5360,'insulin-responsive hydrogen:glucose symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+, in response to a stimulus by insulin. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4192,5362,'low-affinity glucose:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in). In low affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4193,5363,'maltose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of maltose from one side of the membrane to the other. Maltose is the disaccharide 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, an intermediate in the enzymatic breakdown of glycogen and starch.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4194,5364,'maltose:hydrogen symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: maltose(out) + H+(out) = maltose(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4195,5365,'myo-inositol transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of myo-inositol from one side of the membrane to the other. Myo-inositol is 1,2,3,4,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4196,5366,'myo-inositol:hydrogen symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: myo-inositol(out) + H+(out) = myo-inositol(in) + H+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4197,5367,'myo-inositol:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: myo-inositol(out) + Na+(out) = myo-inositol(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4198,5368,'taurine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of taurine from one side of the membrane to the other. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative which is important in the metabolism of fats.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4199,5369,'taurine:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: taurine(out) + Na+(out) = taurine(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4200,5371,'tricarboxylate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of tricarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4201,5372,'water transmembrane transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of water (H2O) from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4202,5373,'heavy metal ion porter activity','F','OBSOLETE. A transporter of heavy metal ions that utilizes a carrier-mediated process to catalyze uniport, symport or antiport between aqueous phases on either side of a lipid membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4203,5375,'copper ion transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of copper (Cu) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4204,5376,'plasma membrane copper transporter','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4205,5377,'intracellular copper ion transporter','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4206,5381,'iron ion transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of iron (Fe) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4207,5384,'manganese ion transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of manganese (Mn) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4208,5385,'zinc ion transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of zinc (Zn) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4209,5388,'calcium-transporting ATPase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(trans).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4210,5391,'sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4211,5395,'eye pigment precursor transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + eye pigment precursor(in) = ADP + phosphate + eye pigment precursor(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4212,5396,'transmembrane conductance regulator activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4213,5400,'peroxisomal membrane transporter','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4214,5402,'cation:sugar symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + cation(out) = sugar(in) + cation(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4215,5412,'glucose:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4216,5415,'nucleoside:sodium symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + Na+(out) = nucleoside(in) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4217,5416,'cation:amino acid symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + cation(out) = amino acid(in) + cation(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4218,5427,'proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a oligopeptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by proton movement.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4219,5429,'chromaffin granule amine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of amines across chromaffin granule membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4220,5430,'synaptic vesicle amine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of amines across synaptic vesicle membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4221,5432,'calcium:sodium antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + Na+(out) = Ca2+(out) + Na+(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4222,5436,'sodium:phosphate symporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + phosphate(out) = Na+(in) + phosphate(in).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4223,5451,'monovalent cation:hydrogen antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: monovalent cation(out) + H+(in) = monovalent cation(in) + H+(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4224,5452,'inorganic anion exchanger activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: inorganic anion A(out) + inorganic anion B(in) = inorganic anion A(in) + inorganic anion B(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4225,5456,'CMP-N-acetylneuraminate transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a CMP-N-acetylneuraminate from one side of the membrane to the other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4226,5457,'GDP-fucose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a GDP-fucose from one side of the membrane to the other. GDP-fucose is a substance composed of fucose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4227,5458,'GDP-mannose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a GDP-mannose from one side of the membrane to the other. GDP-mannose is a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4228,5459,'UDP-galactose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a UDP-galactose from one side of the membrane to the other. UDP-galactose is a substance composed of galactose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4229,5460,'UDP-glucose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a UDP-glucose from one side of the membrane to the other. UDP-glucose is a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4230,5461,'UDP-glucuronic acid transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a UDP-glucuronic acid from one side of the membrane to the other. UDP-glucuronic acid is a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4231,5462,'UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine from one side of the membrane to the other. N-acetylglucosamine is a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4232,5463,'UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a N-acetylgalactosamine from one side of the membrane to the other. N-acetylgalactosamine is a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4233,5464,'UDP-xylose transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of UDP-xylose from one side of the membrane to the other. UDP-xylose is a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4234,5468,'small-molecule carrier or transporter','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4235,5469,'succinate:fumarate antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: succinate(out) + fumarate(in) = succinate(in) + fumarate(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4236,5471,'ATP:ADP antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(out) + ADP(in) = ATP(in) + ADP(out).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4237,5472,'FAD carrier activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of flavin adenine dinucleotide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4238,5476,'carnitine:acyl carnitine antiporter activity','F','Catalysis of the reaction: carnitine (mitochondrial) + acyl carnitine (cytoplasm) = carnitine (cytoplasm) + acyl carnitine (mitochondrial).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4239,5477,'pyruvate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity','F','Catalysis of the transfer of pyruvate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4240,5479,'vacuolar assembly','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4241,5480,'vesicle transport','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4242,5481,'vesicle fusion','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4243,5482,'vesicle targeting','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4244,5483,'soluble NSF attachment protein activity','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with both N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) and a cis-SNARE complex (i.e. a SNARE complex in which all proteins are associated with the same membrane) and increasing the ATPase activity of NSF, thereby allowing ATP hydrolysis by NSF to disassemble the cis-SNARE complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4245,5484,'SNAP receptor activity','F','Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4246,5487,'nucleocytoplasmic transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4247,5488,'binding','F','The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4248,5489,'electron transporter activity','F','OBSOLETE. Enables the directed movement of electrons into, out of, within or between cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4249,5490,'cytochrome P450','F','OBSOLETE. A cytochrome b that has a sulfur atom ligated to the iron of the prosthetic group (heme-thiolate); enzymes:typically monooxygenases acting on lipophilic substrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4250,5496,'steroid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4251,5497,'androgen binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any androgen, male sex hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4252,5499,'vitamin D binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism. Specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4253,5500,'juvenile hormone binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with juvenile hormone, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP');
INSERT INTO `GO` VALUES (4254,5501,'retinoid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4255,5502,'11-cis retinal binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 11-cis retinal, an isomer of retinal that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. 11-cis retinal combines with opsin in the rods (scotopsin) to form rhodopsin or visual purple. Retinal is one of the three compounds that makes up vitamin A.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4256,5503,'all-trans retinal binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with all-trans retinal, a compound that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. All-trans retinal (trans r., visual yellow) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11-cis form is converted to the all-trans form. Retinal is one of the forms of vitamin A.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4257,5504,'fatty acid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4258,5505,'heavy metal binding','F','OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with a heavy metal, a metal that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4259,5506,'iron ion binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4260,5507,'copper ion binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4261,5508,'copper/cadmium binding','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4262,5509,'calcium ion binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4263,5513,'detection of calcium ion','P','The series of events in which a calcium ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4264,5514,'calcium ion storage activity','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4265,5515,'protein binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4266,5516,'calmodulin binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4267,5517,'calmodulin inhibitor activity','F','OBSOLETE. This term was not defined before being made obsolete.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4268,5518,'collagen binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with collagen, a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4269,5519,'cytoskeletal regulatory protein binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein involved in modulating the reorganization of the cytoskeleton.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4270,5520,'insulin-like growth factor binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an insulin-like growth factor, any member of a group of polypeptides that are structurally homologous to insulin and share many of its biological activities, but are immunologically distinct from it.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4271,5521,'lamin binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with lamin; any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4272,5522,'profilin binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with profilin, an actin-binding protein that forms a complex with G-actin and prevents it from polymerizing to form F-actin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4273,5523,'tropomyosin binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with tropomyosin, a protein associated with actin filaments both in cytoplasm and, in association with troponin, in the thin filament of striated muscle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4274,5524,'ATP binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5\'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4275,5525,'GTP binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4276,5527,'macrolide binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a macrolide, any of a large group of structurally related antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4277,5528,'FK506 binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the immunosuppressant FK506.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4278,5529,'sugar binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any mono-, di- or trisaccharide carbohydrate.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(4279,5530,'lectin','F','OBSOLETE. Lectins are proteins obtained particularly from the seeds of leguminous plants, but also from many other plant and animal sources, that have binding sites for specific mono or oligosaccharides in cell walls or membranes. They thereby change the physiology of the membrane to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes in the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4280,5531,'galactose binding lectin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4281,5532,'mannose binding lectin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4282,5533,'N-acetylgalactosamine lectin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4283,5534,'galactose binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the aldohexose galactose (galacto-hexose), a common constituent of many oligo- and polysaccharides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4284,5536,'glucose binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the D- or L-enantiomer of glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4285,5537,'mannose binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with mannose, a monosaccharide hexose, stereoisomeric with glucose, that occurs naturally only in polymerized forms called mannans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4286,5539,'glycosaminoglycan binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4287,5540,'hyaluronic acid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with hyaluronic acid, a polymer composed of repeating dimeric units of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4288,5541,'acyl-CoA or acyl binding','F','OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with acyl-CoA or acyl, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group, or any group formally derived by removal of a hydroxyl group from the acid function of an organic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4289,5542,'folic acid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4290,5543,'phospholipid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4291,5544,'calcium-dependent phospholipid binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4292,5545,'1-phosphatidylinositol binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4293,5546,'phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 4\' and 5\' positions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4294,5547,'phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3\', 4\' and 5\' positions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4295,5548,'phospholipid transporter activity','F','Enables the directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Phospholipids are a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4296,5549,'odorant binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4297,5550,'pheromone binding','F','Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a pheromone, a substance, or characteristic mixture of substances, that is secreted and released by an organism and detected by a second organism of the same or a closely related species, in which it causes a specific reaction, such as a definite behavioral reaction or a developmental process.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4298,5551,'ubiquitin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4299,5552,'polyubiquitin','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4300,5553,'ubiquitin-ribosomal protein fusion protein','F','OBSOLETE. A protein encoded by some ubiquitin genes which consists of a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4301,5555,'blood group antigen','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4302,5557,'lymphocyte antigen','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4303,5558,'minor histocompatibility antigen','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4304,5559,'ribozyme','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4305,5561,'nucleic acid','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4306,5562,'RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4307,5563,'transfer RNA','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4308,5564,'cytosolic tRNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4309,5565,'mitochondrial tRNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4310,5566,'ribosomal RNA','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4311,5567,'cytosolic ribosomal RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4312,5568,'mitochondrial rRNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4313,5569,'small nucleolar RNA','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4314,5570,'small nuclear RNA','F','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4315,5571,'untranslated RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4316,5572,'RNA polymerase II transcribed untranslated RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4317,5573,'telomerase RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4318,5574,'DNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4319,5575,'cellular_component','C','The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4320,5576,'extracellular region','C','The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4321,5577,'fibrinogen complex','C','A highly soluble, elongated protein complex found in blood plasma and involved in clot formation. It is converted into fibrin monomer by the action of thrombin. In the mouse, fibrinogen is a hexamer, 46 nm long and 9 nm maximal diameter, containing two sets of nonidentical chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) linked together by disulfide bonds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4322,5578,'proteinaceous extracellular matrix','C','A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4323,5579,'membrane attack complex','C','A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4324,5580,'membrane attack complex protein alphaM chain','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4325,5581,'collagen','C','Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4326,5582,'collagen type XV','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XV) chains; a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan often found in specialized basement membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4327,5583,'fibrillar collagen','C','Any collagen polymer in which collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4328,5584,'collagen type I','C','A collagen trimer containing alpha(I) chains. The most common form of type I collagen is a heterotrimer containing two alpha1(I) chains and one alpha2(I) chain; homotrimers containing three alpha1(I) chains are also found. Type I collagen triple helices associate to form banded fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4329,5585,'collagen type II','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(II) chains; type II collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4330,5586,'collagen type III','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(III) chains; type III collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4331,5587,'collagen type IV','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type IV alpha chains; [alpha1(IV)]2alpha2(IV) trimers are commonly observed, although more type IV alpha chains exist and may be present in type IV trimers; type IV collagen triple helices associate to form nets within basement membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4332,5588,'collagen type V','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type V alpha chains; [alpha1(V)]2alpha2(V) and alpha1(V)alpha2(V)alpha3(V) trimers have been observed; type V collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4333,5589,'collagen type VI','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type VI alpha chains in alpha1(VI)alpha2(VI)alpha3(VI) trimers; type VI collagen triple helices associate to form beaded fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4334,5590,'collagen type VII','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(VII) chains; type VII collagen triple helices form antiparallel dimer, which in turn associate laterally to form anchoring fibrils that connect type IV collagen in the basal lamina to plaques in the underlying connective tissue.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4335,5591,'collagen type VIII','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type VIII alpha chains; [alpha1(VIII)2]alpha2(VIII) and alpha1(VIII)[alpha2(VIII)]2 trimers have been observed; type VIII collagen triple helices associate to form regular hexagonal nets.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4336,5592,'collagen type XI','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type XI alpha chains in alpha1(XI)alpha2(XI)alpha3(XI) trimers; type XI collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4337,5593,'FACIT collagen','C','Any collagen polymer associated with collagen fibrils and in which the collagen monomers contain two or more relatively short triple-helical domains connected by non-triple-helical sequences; the acronym FACIT stands for fibril-associated collagen with interrupted triple helix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4338,5594,'collagen type IX','C','A collagen heterotrimer containing type IX alpha chains in alpha1(IX)alpha2(IX)alpha3(IX) trimers; type IX collagen triple helices associate to form a structure that links glycosaminoglycans to type II collagen fibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4339,5595,'collagen type XII','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XII) chains; type XII collagen triple helices may link sheet-forming or fibrillar collagens to other structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4340,5596,'collagen type XIV','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIV) chains; type XIV collagen triple helices may link sheet-forming or fibrillar collagens to other structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4341,5597,'collagen type XVI','C','A collagen trimer containing alpha(XVI) chains; type XVI trimers can associate with microfibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4342,5598,'short-chain collagen','C','Any assembly of collagen in which the collagen chains are relatively short compared to the fibrillar collagens.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4343,5599,'collagen type X','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(X) chains; type X collagen triple helices may form nets.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4344,5600,'collagen type XIII','C','A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIII) chains; type X collagen triple helices span lipid bilayer membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4345,5601,'classical-complement-pathway C3/C5 convertase complex','C','A heterodimeric protein complex that catalyzes the cleavage of complement components C3 and C5, and acts in the classical pathway of complement activation; consists of one monomer of C2a and one monomer of C4b; C2a is the catalytic subunit, but cannot catalyze cleavage alone.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4346,5602,'complement component C1 complex','C','A protein complex composed of six subunits of C1q, each formed of the three homologous polypeptide chains C1QA, C1QB, and C1QB, and tetramer of two C1QR and two C1QS polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4347,5603,'complement component C2 complex','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4348,5604,'basement membrane','C','A thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4349,5605,'basal lamina','C','A thin sheet of proteoglycans and glycoproteins, especially laminin, secreted by cells as an extracellular matrix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4350,5606,'laminin-1 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha1, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4351,5607,'laminin-2 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha2, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4352,5608,'laminin-3 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha1, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4353,5609,'laminin-4 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha2, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4354,5610,'laminin-5 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha3, beta3 and gamma2 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4355,5611,'laminin-6 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha3, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4356,5612,'laminin-7 complex','C','A laminin complex composed of alpha3, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4357,5613,'laminin receptor protein','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4358,5614,'interstitial matrix','C','A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4359,5615,'extracellular space','C','That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4360,5616,'larval serum protein complex','C','A multisubunit protein complex which, in Drosophila, is a heterohexamer of three subunits, alpha, beta and gamma. The complex is thought to store amino acids for synthesis of adult proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4361,5617,'larval serum protein-1','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4362,5618,'cell wall','C','The rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis. In plants it is made of cellulose and, often, lignin; in fungi it is composed largely of polysaccharides; in bacteria it is composed of peptidoglycan.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4363,5619,'ascospore wall','C','The specialized cell wall of the ascospore (spore), which is the product of meiotic division. Examples of this component are found in Fungi.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4364,5621,'cellular bud scar','C','Crater-like ring of chitinous scar tissue located on the surface of the mother cell. It is formed after the newly emerged daughter cell separates thereby marking the site of cytokinesis and septation. The number of bud scars that accumulate on the surface of a cell is a useful determinant of replicative age.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4365,5622,'intracellular','C','The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4366,5623,'cell','C','The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4367,5624,'membrane fraction','C','OBSOLETE: That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4368,5625,'soluble fraction','C','OBSOLETE: That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that is soluble in water.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4369,5626,'insoluble fraction','C','OBSOLETE: That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that is not soluble in water.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4370,5627,'ascus','C','OBSOLETE. A sac-like fruiting body (ascomycete Fungi); contains ascospores (typically eight in number).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4371,5628,'prospore membrane','C','The prospore membrane is a double-membraned structure that extends from the cytoplasmic face of the spindle pole bodies to encompass the spindle pole bodies and the four nuclear lobes that are formed during meiosis. It helps isolate the meiotic nuclei from the cytoplasm during spore formation and serves as a foundation for the formation of the spore walls. An example of this component is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4372,5630,'dityrosine layer of spore wall','C','The outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4373,5631,'chitosan layer of spore wall','C','The second outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4374,5632,'inner layer of spore wall','C','Either of the two innermost layers of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4375,5633,'ascus lipid particle','C','Any particle of coalesced lipids in an ascus or ascospore. May include associated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4376,5634,'nucleus','C','A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell\'s chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4377,5635,'nuclear envelope','C','The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4378,5637,'nuclear inner membrane','C','The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4379,5638,'lamin filament','C','Any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. They are classified as lamins A, B and C.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4380,5639,'integral to nuclear inner membrane','C','Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the nuclear inner membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4381,5640,'nuclear outer membrane','C','The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4382,5641,'nuclear envelope lumen','C','The region between the two lipid bilayers of the nuclear envelope; 20-40 nm wide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4383,5642,'annulate lamellae','C','Stacks of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes containing a high density of nuclear pores, thought to form from excess nuclear membrane components, that have been described in a number of different cells. Annulate lamellar membranes are continuous with and embedded within the ER.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4384,5643,'nuclear pore','C','Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4385,5645,'RAN-binding protein','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4386,5646,'importin','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4387,5647,'importin, alpha-subunit','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4388,5648,'importin, beta-subunit','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4389,5649,'transportin','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4390,5650,'importin, alpha-subunit transport factor','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4391,5651,'exportin','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4392,5652,'nuclear lamina','C','The fibrous, electron-dense layer lying on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner membrane of a cell nucleus, composed of lamin filaments. The polypeptides of the lamina are thought to be concerned in the dissolution of the nuclear envelope and its re-formation during mitosis. The lamina is composed of lamin A and lamin C filaments cross-linked into an orthogonal lattice, which is attached via lamin B to the inner nuclear membrane through interactions with a lamin B receptor, an IFAP, in the membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4393,5654,'nucleoplasm','C','That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4394,5655,'nucleolar ribonuclease P complex','C','A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5\' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4395,5656,'nuclear pre-replicative complex','C','A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins during late mitosis and G1, allowing the origin to become competent, or \'licensed\', for replication. The complex normally includes the origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, Cdt1 and the MiniChromosome Maintenance (Mcm2-7) proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4396,5657,'replication fork','C','The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4397,5658,'alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex','C','A complex of four polypeptides, comprising large and small DNA polymerase alpha subunits and two primase subunits, which catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA primer on the lagging strand of replicating DNA; the smaller of the two primase subunits alone can catalyze oligoribonucleotide synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4398,5660,'delta-DNA polymerase cofactor complex','C','OBSOLETE. A complex of proteins that interacts with delta-DNA polymerase, promoting elongation. In humans it is a heteropentamer of subunits of 140/145, 40, 38, 37 and 36.5 kDa, which form a complex with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the presence of ATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4399,5662,'DNA replication factor A complex','C','A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4400,5663,'DNA replication factor C complex','C','A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4401,5664,'nuclear origin of replication recognition complex','C','A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4402,5665,'DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex','C','RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4403,5666,'DNA-directed RNA polymerase III complex','C','RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4404,5667,'transcription factor complex','C','A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4405,5668,'RNA polymerase transcription factor SL1 complex','C','A RNA polymerase I-specific transcription factor complex that contains the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) and at least three TBP-associated factors including proteins known in mammals as TAFI110, TAFI63 and TAFI48.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4406,5669,'transcription factor TFIID complex','C','A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4407,5670,'transcription-activating factor, 30kD','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4408,5671,'Ada2/Gcn5/Ada3 transcription activator complex','C','A multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase and is involved in regulation of transcription. Contains either GCN5 or PCAF in a mutually exclusive manner. The budding yeast complex includes Gcn5p, two proteins of the Ada family, and two TBP-associate proteins (TAFs); analogous complexes in other species have analogous compositions, and usually contain homologs of the yeast proteins. Both ATAC- or SAGA (see GO:0000124, SAGA complex) are involved in the acetylation of histone H3K9 and K14 residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4409,5672,'transcription factor TFIIA complex','C','A component of the transcription machinery of RNA Polymerase II. In humans, TFIIA is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (P35), beta (P19) and gamma subunits (P12).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4410,5673,'transcription factor TFIIE complex','C','A transcription factor which in humans consists of a complex of two alpha and two beta chains. Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and helps activate both RNA polymerase II and TFIIH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4411,5674,'transcription factor TFIIF complex','C','A general transcription initiation factor which in humans consists of a heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Helps recruit RNA polymerase II to the initiation complex and promotes translation elongation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4412,5675,'holo TFIIH complex','C','A complex that contains kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of the 5-subunit core (Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p and Tfb4p), Ssl2p, and TFIIK (Kin28p, Ccl1p, and Tfb3p). All of the subunits have equivalents in humans: the 5 subunit core is composed of ERCC2, p62, p55, p44, p34; the equivalent of the TFIIK subcomplex is composed of MO15, Mat1, and a cyclin; the human equivalent of Ssl2p is XPB.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4413,5677,'chromatin silencing complex','C','Any protein complex that mediates changes in chromatin structure that result in transcriptional silencing.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4414,5678,'chromatin assembly complex','C','OBSOLETE: Any protein complex that acts in the formation of nucleosomes or higher order chromatin structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4415,5680,'anaphase-promoting complex','C','A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4416,5681,'spliceosomal complex','C','Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4417,5682,'U5 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U5.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4418,5683,'U7 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the U7 snRNA and is required for the 3\'-end processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4419,5684,'U2-type spliceosomal complex','C','Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron that has canonical consensus sequences near the 5\' and 3\' ends.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4420,5685,'U1 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4421,5686,'U2 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U2.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4422,5687,'U4 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4423,5688,'U6 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4424,5689,'U12-type spliceosomal complex','C','Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron; the series of U12-type spliceosomal complexes is involved in the splicing of the majority of introns that contain atypical AT-AC terminal dinucleotides, as well as other non-canonical introns. The entire splice site signal, not just the terminal dinucleotides, is involved in determining which spliceosome utilizes the site.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4425,5690,'U4atac snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4atac.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4426,5691,'U6atac snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6atac.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4427,5692,'U11 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U11.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4428,5693,'U12 snRNP','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U12.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4429,5694,'chromosome','C','A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4430,5695,'chromatid','C','OBSOLETE. One of the two daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome that become apparent between early prophase and metaphase in mitosis and between diplotene and second metaphase in meiosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4431,5696,'telomere','C','OBSOLETE. A complex of DNA and protein that seals the end of a chromosome. The telomeric DNA consists of simple tandemly repeated sequences specific for each species. Typically one strand is G-rich and the other C-rich. The G-rich strand forms a 3\'-terminal overhang, the length of which varies with species. The single strand overhang is bound by a variety of proteins, including telomere capping proteins that bind to the single-stranded DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4432,5697,'telomerase holoenzyme complex','C','Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex, with a minimal catalytic core composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition. In vivo, the holoenzyme complex often contains additional subunits.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4433,5698,'centromere','C','OBSOLETE. The region of a eukaryotic chromosome that is attached to the spindle during nuclear division. It is defined genetically as the region of the chromosome that always segregates at the first division of meiosis; the region of the chromosome in which no crossing over occurs. At the start of M phase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids with a constriction at a point which forms the centromere. During late prophase two kinetochores assemble on each centromere, one kinetochore on each sister chromatid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4434,5700,'polytene chromosome','C','A type of chromosome in a polyploid cell, formed when multiple copies of homologous chromosomes are aligned side by side to give a giant chromosome in which distinct chromosome bands are readily visible.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4435,5701,'polytene chromosome chromocenter','C','A region at which the centric regions of polytene chromosomes are joined together.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4436,5702,'polytene chromosome weak point','C','A region of the polytene chromosome where the diameter is considerably decreased, probably resulting from local differences in chromosome organization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4437,5703,'polytene chromosome puff','C','A swelling at a site along the length of a polytene chromosome, thought to be the site of active transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4438,5704,'polytene chromosome band','C','A stretch of densely packed chromatin along the polytene chromosome, visible as a morphologically distinct band.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4439,5705,'polytene chromosome interband','C','A stretch of less tightly packed chromatin along the polytene chromosome, found between bands.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4440,5706,'polytene chromosome ectopic fiber','C','A thread-like connection joining two regions of ectopically paired polytene chromosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4441,5707,'interphase chromosome','C','OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cell during interphase of the cell cycle. Chromosomes are usually decondensed during interphase and each long DNA molecule in a chromosome is divided into a large number of discrete domains that are folded differently.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4442,5708,'mitotic chromosome','C','OBSOLETE. A chromosome involved in the process of mitosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4443,5709,'prophase chromosome','C','OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cell during prophase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4444,5710,'metaphase chromosome','C','OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cell during metaphase. Typically, sister chromatids are held together at their centromeres and chromosomes are covered with a large number of molecules, including ribonucleoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4445,5711,'meiotic chromosome','C','OBSOLETE. A chromosome involved in the process of meiosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4446,5712,'chiasma','C','A connection formed between chromatids, visible during meiosis, thought to be the point of the interchange involved in crossing-over.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4447,5713,'recombination nodule','C','An electron dense structure that is associated with meiotic chromosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4448,5714,'early recombination nodule','C','An electron dense structure that is associated with meiotic chromosomes in leptotene or zygotene during meiosis I.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4449,5715,'late recombination nodule','C','An electron dense structure that is associated with meiotic chromosomes in pachytene during meiosis I.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4450,5719,'nuclear euchromatin','C','The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4451,5720,'nuclear heterochromatin','C','A condensed form of chromatin, occurring in the nucleus during interphase, that stains strongly with basophilic dyes. The DNA of heterochromatin is typically replicated at a later stage in the cell-division cycle than euchromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4452,5721,'centromeric heterochromatin','C','A region of heterochromatin located near the centromere of a chromosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4453,5722,'beta-heterochromatin','C','A diffusely banded region of heterochromatin located between euchromatin and alpha-heterochromatin in the polytene chromosome chromocenter; normally replicated during polytenization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4454,5723,'alpha-heterochromatin','C','A small, compact region of heterochromatin located in the middle of the polytene chromosome chromocenter, which undergoes little or no replication during polytenization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4455,5724,'nuclear telomeric heterochromatin','C','Heterochromatic regions of the chromosome found at the telomeres of a chromosome in the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4456,5725,'intercalary heterochromatin','C','Any of the regions of heterochromatin that form a reproducible set of dense bands scattered along the euchromatic arms in polytene chromosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4457,5726,'perichromatin fibrils','C','Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4458,5727,'extrachromosomal circular DNA','C','Circular DNA structures that are not part of a chromosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4459,5728,'extrachromosomal rDNA circle','C','Circular DNA molecules encoding ribosomal RNA that are replicated independently of chromosomal replication. These molecules originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4460,5729,'2-micrometer circle DNA','C','A plasmid commonly found in Saccharomyces, inherited in a non-Mendelian manner and often present in 100-400 copies.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4461,5730,'nucleolus','C','A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4462,5731,'nucleolus organizer region','C','A region of a chromosome where nucleoli form during interphase, and where genes encoding the largest rRNA precursor transcript are tandemly arrayed.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4463,5732,'small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex','C','A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) family and associated proteins. Most are involved in a step of processing of rRNA: cleavage, 2\'-O-methylation, or pseudouridylation. The majority, though not all, fall into one of two classes, box C/D type or box H/ACA type.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4464,5733,'small nucleolar RNA','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4465,5734,'box C + D snoRNP protein','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4466,5735,'box H + ACA snoRNP protein','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4467,5736,'DNA-directed RNA polymerase I complex','C','RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4468,5737,'cytoplasm','C','All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4469,5739,'mitochondrion','C','A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4470,5740,'mitochondrial envelope','C','The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4471,5741,'mitochondrial outer membrane','C','The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4472,5742,'mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex','C','A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4473,5743,'mitochondrial inner membrane','C','The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4474,5744,'mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex','C','The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4475,5745,'m-AAA complex','C','Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is involved in mitochondrial protein turnover and in processing of proteins imported into mitochondria.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4476,5746,'mitochondrial respiratory chain','C','The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4477,5747,'mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I','C','A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4478,5749,'mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II','C','A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4479,5750,'mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III','C','A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains about 10 polypeptide subunits including four redox centers: cytochrome b/b6, cytochrome c1 and an 2Fe-2S cluster. Catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol by oxidized cytochrome c1.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4480,5751,'mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV','C','A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4481,5753,'mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex','C','A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4482,5754,'mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core','C','The hexamer, comprising three alpha and three beta subunits, that possesses the catalytic activity of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4483,5755,'hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, coupling factor CF(0)','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4484,5756,'mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk','C','One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the mitochondrial membrane-associated F0 proteins; rotates within the catalytic core during catalysis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4485,5757,'mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex','C','A protein complex that connects the inner and outer membranes of animal mitochondria and acts as a pore that can open transiently to allow free diffusion of solutes between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytosol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4486,5758,'mitochondrial intermembrane space','C','The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4487,5759,'mitochondrial matrix','C','The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4488,5760,'gamma DNA polymerase complex','C','A DNA polymerase complex consisting of a large subunit, responsible for the catalytic activities, and a small accessory subunit. Functions in the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4489,5761,'mitochondrial ribosome','C','A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4490,5762,'mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit','C','The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4491,5763,'mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit','C','The smaller of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4492,5764,'lysosome','C','A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4493,5765,'lysosomal membrane','C','The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4494,5766,'primary lysosome','C','A lysosome before it has fused with a vesicle or vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4495,5767,'secondary lysosome','C','Vacuole formed by the fusion of a lysosome with an organelle (autosome) or with a primary phagosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4496,5768,'endosome','C','A membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4497,5769,'early endosome','C','A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4498,5770,'late endosome','C','A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4499,5771,'multivesicular body','C','A type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4500,5773,'vacuole','C','A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4501,5774,'vacuolar membrane','C','The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4502,5775,'vacuolar lumen','C','The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4503,5776,'autophagic vacuole','C','A double-membrane-bounded compartment in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered; known as autophagosome in yeast.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4504,5777,'peroxisome','C','A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4505,5778,'peroxisomal membrane','C','The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4506,5779,'integral to peroxisomal membrane','C','Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a peroxisomal membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4507,5780,'extrinsic to intraperoxisomal membrane','C','Loosely bound to the intraperoxisomal surface of the peroxisomal membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4508,5781,'peroxisome targeting signal receptor complex','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4509,5782,'peroxisomal matrix','C','The volume contained within the membranes of a peroxisome; in many cells the matrix contains a crystalloid core largely composed of urate oxidase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4510,5783,'endoplasmic reticulum','C','The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4511,5784,'Sec61 translocon complex','C','A translocon complex that contains a core heterotrimer of conserved alpha, beta and gamma subunits, and may contain additional proteins (translocon-associated proteins or TRAPs); in budding yeast the core proteins are Sec61p, Sbh1p, and Sss1p. The Sec61 translocon complex functions in cotranslational and posttranslational translocation events.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4512,5785,'signal recognition particle receptor complex','C','A transmembrane heterodimeric protein located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Both subunits contain GTPase domains with which signal recognition particle interacts. In the presence of GTP and SRP receptor, SRP is released from the ribosome-nascent chain complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4513,5786,'signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting','C','A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA. Examples of this component are found in Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4514,5787,'signal peptidase complex','C','A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4515,5788,'endoplasmic reticulum lumen','C','The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4516,5789,'endoplasmic reticulum membrane','C','The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4517,5790,'smooth endoplasmic reticulum','C','The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER or SER) has no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth ER is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4518,5791,'rough endoplasmic reticulum','C','The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4519,5792,'microsome','C','OBSOLETE: Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles, 50-150 nm in diameter, that are formed when some eukaryotic cells are homogenized and that sediment on centrifugation at 100000 g.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4520,5793,'endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment','C','A complex system of membrane-bounded compartments located between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, with a distinctive membrane protein composition; involved in ER-to-Golgi transport.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4521,5794,'Golgi apparatus','C','A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4522,5795,'Golgi stack','C','The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4523,5796,'Golgi lumen','C','The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4524,5797,'Golgi medial cisterna','C','The middle Golgi cisterna (or cisternae).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4525,5798,'Golgi-associated vesicle','C','Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4526,5799,'coatomer','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4527,5800,'COPII vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4528,5801,'cis-Golgi network','C','The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4529,5802,'trans-Golgi network','C','The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the side of the Golgi apparatus distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4530,5803,'secretory vesicle','C','OBSOLETE. A small subcellular vesicle, or granule, surrounded by a single-layered membrane; formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4531,5804,'secretory vesicle membrane','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4532,5805,'ER-Golgi transport vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4533,5806,'Golgi-ER transport vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4534,5808,'Golgi-plasma membrane transport vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4535,5809,'Golgi-vacuole transport vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4536,5810,'endocytotic transport vesicle','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4537,5811,'lipid particle','C','Any particle of coalesced lipids in the cytoplasm of a cell. May include associated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4538,5813,'centrosome','C','A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4539,5814,'centriole','C','A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4540,5815,'microtubule organizing center','C','An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4541,5816,'spindle pole body','C','The microtubule organizing center in fungi; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4542,5817,'centrosomal mitotic factor','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4543,5818,'aster','C','An array of microtubules emanating from a spindle pole MTOC that do not connect to kinetochores.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4544,5819,'spindle','C','The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4545,5821,'intermediate layer of spindle pole body','C','Structure between the central and outer plaques of the spindle pole body.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4546,5822,'inner plaque of spindle pole body','C','One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the inner plaque is in the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4547,5823,'central plaque of spindle pole body','C','One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the central plaque is embedded in the nuclear envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4548,5824,'outer plaque of spindle pole body','C','One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the outer plaque is in the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4549,5825,'half bridge of spindle pole body','C','Structure adjacent to the plaques of the spindle pole body.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4550,5826,'actomyosin contractile ring','C','A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells. In animal cells, the contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck before mitosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4551,5827,'polar microtubule','C','Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4552,5828,'kinetochore microtubule','C','Any of the spindle microtubules that attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4553,5829,'cytosol','C','The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4554,5831,'steroid hormone aporeceptor complex','C','A protein complex consisting of a steroid receptor associated with nonreceptor proteins, minimally a dimer of Hsp90 and a monomer of hsp56/FKBP59; forms in the absence of bound ligand.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4555,5832,'chaperonin-containing T-complex','C','A multisubunit ring-shaped complex that mediates protein folding in the cytosol without a cofactor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4556,5833,'hemoglobin complex','C','An iron-containing, oxygen carrying complex. In vertebrates it is made up of two pairs of associated globin polypeptide chains, each chain carrying a noncovalently bound heme prosthetic group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4557,5834,'heterotrimeric G-protein complex','C','Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4558,5835,'fatty acid synthase complex','C','A multienzyme complex that catalyses the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl CoA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4559,5836,'fatty-acyl-CoA synthase complex','C','A protein complex that possesses fatty-acyl-CoA synthase activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4560,5837,'26S proteasome','C','OBSOLETE. A large multisubunit protease found in the cytosol that recognizes, unfolds, and digests protein substrates that have been marked for degradation by the attachment of a ubiquitin group. Individual subcomplexes of the complete 26S proteasome are involved in these different tasks: the ATP-dependent 19S caps are believed to unfold substrates and feed them to the actual protease, the 20S proteasome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4561,5838,'proteasome regulatory particle','C','A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4562,5839,'proteasome core complex','C','A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4563,5840,'ribosome','C','An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4564,5844,'polysome','C','Several ribosomes bound to one mRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4565,5845,'mRNA cap binding complex','C','Any protein complex that binds to an mRNA cap at any time in the lifetime of the mRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4566,5846,'nuclear cap binding complex','C','A conserved heterodimeric protein complex that binds to the 5\' terminal cap structure m7G(5\')ppp(5\')N of nascent eukaryotic RNA polymerase II transcripts such as pre-mRNA and U snRNA. The consists of proteins known as CBP20 and CBP80, binds to cap structures in the nucleus, and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing, 3\'-end formation, and RNA nuclear export.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4567,5847,'mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex','C','A multisubunit complex that binds to the canonical AAUAAA hexamer and to U-rich upstream sequence elements on the pre-mRNA, thereby stimulating the otherwise weakly active and nonspecific polymerase to elongate efficiently RNAs containing a poly(A) signal.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4568,5848,'mRNA cleavage stimulating factor complex','C','A protein complex required for mRNA cleavage but not for poly(A) addition.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4569,5849,'mRNA cleavage factor complex','C','Any macromolecular complex involved in cleavage or polyadenylation of mRNA molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4570,5850,'eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex','C','Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5\' end of mRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4571,5851,'eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B complex','C','A multisubunit guanine nucleotide exchange factor which catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF2 for GTP, generating active eIF2-GTP. In humans, it is composed of five subunits, alpha, beta, delta, gamma and epsilon.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4572,5852,'eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex','C','A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4573,5853,'eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex','C','A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4574,5854,'nascent polypeptide-associated complex','C','A heterodimeric protein complex that can reversibly bind to ribosomes, and is located in direct proximity to newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4575,5856,'cytoskeleton','C','Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4576,5858,'axonemal dynein complex','C','A dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella; the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion. May contain two or three dynein heavy chains as well as several light chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4577,5859,'muscle myosin complex','C','A filament of myosin found in a muscle cell of any type.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4578,5861,'troponin complex','C','A complex of accessory proteins (typically troponin T, troponin I and troponin C) found associated with actin in muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation of muscle contraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4579,5862,'muscle thin filament tropomyosin','C','A form of the tropomyosin dimer found associated with actin and the troponin complex in muscle thin filaments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4580,5863,'striated muscle myosin thick filament','C','Bipolar filaments formed of polymers of a muscle-specific myosin II isoform, found in the middle of sarcomeres in myofibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4581,5865,'striated muscle thin filament','C','Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4582,5868,'cytoplasmic dynein complex','C','Any dynein complex that catalyzes movement along a cytoplasmic microtubule; cytoplasmic dynein complexes participates in many transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes,and may include light chains and light intermediate chains.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4583,5869,'dynactin complex','C','A 20S multiprotein assembly of total mass about 1.2 MDa that activates dynein-based activity in vivo. A large structural component of the complex is an actin-like 40 nm filament composed of actin-related protein, to which other components attach.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4584,5870,'actin capping protein of dynactin complex','C','A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, nucleates the polymerization of actin monomers but does not sever actin filaments, and which is a part of the dynactin complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4585,5871,'kinesin complex','C','Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily, a group of related proteins that contain an extended region of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil in the main chain that likely produces dimerization. The native complexes of several kinesin family members have also been shown to contain additional peptides, often designated light chains as all of the noncatalytic subunits that are currently known are smaller than the chain that contains the motor unit. Kinesin complexes generally possess a force-generating enzymatic activity, or motor, which converts the free energy of the gamma phosphate bond of ATP into mechanical work.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4586,5872,'minus-end kinesin complex','C','Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily and any associated proteins, and moves towards the minus end of a microtubule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4587,5873,'plus-end kinesin complex','C','Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily and any associated proteins, and moves towards the plus end of a microtubule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4588,5874,'microtubule','C','Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4589,5875,'microtubule associated complex','C','Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4590,5876,'spindle microtubule','C','Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4591,5879,'axonemal microtubule','C','A microtubule in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4592,5880,'nuclear microtubule','C','Any microtubule in the nucleus of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4593,5881,'cytoplasmic microtubule','C','Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4594,5882,'intermediate filament','C','A cytoskeletal structure that forms a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. Intermediate filaments may be divided into five chemically distinct classes: Type I, acidic keratins; Type II, basic keratins; Type III, including desmin, vimentin and others; Type IV, neurofilaments and related filaments; and Type V, lamins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4595,5883,'neurofilament','C','A type of intermediate filament found in the core of neuronal axons. Neurofilaments are heteropolymers composed of three type IV polypeptides: NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H (for low, middle, and high molecular weight). Neurofilaments are responsible for the radial growth of an axon and determine axonal diameter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4596,5884,'actin filament','C','A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4597,5885,'Arp2/3 protein complex','C','A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4598,5886,'plasma membrane','C','The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4599,5887,'integral to plasma membrane','C','Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4600,5888,'proteoglycan integral to plasma membrane','C','OBSOLETE. Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane and consisting of proteoglycan. Also refers to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4601,5889,'hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex','C','A protein complex that possesses hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity; characterized in animal cells, where it maintains ionic gradients of Na+ and K+ at the expense of ATP hydrolysis; The complex contains two obligatory subunits, the catalytic alpha subunit and a glycosylated beta subunit; two additional subunits, gamma and channel-inducing factor (CHIF), may also be present.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4602,5890,'sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex','C','Sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPases are tetrameric proteins, consisting of two large alpha subunits and two smaller beta subunits. The alpha subunits bear the active site and penetrate the membrane, while the beta subunits carry oligosaccharide groups and face the cell exterior.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4603,5891,'voltage-gated calcium channel complex','C','A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which calcium ions may pass in response to changes in membrane potential.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4604,5892,'acetylcholine-gated channel complex','C','A homo- or hetero-pentameric protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which ions may pass in response to acetylcholine binding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4605,5893,'interleukin-2 receptor complex','C','A protein complex that binds interleukin-2; comprises alpha, beta, and gamma subunits.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4606,5894,'interleukin-3 receptor complex','C','A protein complex that binds interleukin-3; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha chain is specific to the interleukin-3 receptor, whereas the beta chain is shared with the receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4607,5895,'interleukin-5 receptor complex','C','A protein complex that binds interleukin-3; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha chain is specific to the interleukin-5 receptor, whereas the beta chain is shared with the receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4608,5896,'interleukin-6 receptor complex','C','A hexameric protein complex consisting of two molecules each of interleukin-6, interleukin-6 receptor alpha chain, and gp-130.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4609,5897,'interleukin-9 receptor complex','C','A protein complex that binds interleukin-9; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha chain is specific to the interleukin-9 receptor, whereas the beta chain is shared with the receptors for several other interleukins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4610,5898,'interleukin-13 receptor complex','C','A protein complex that binds interleukin-13; consists of two chains, interleukin-13 receptor alpha1 chain and interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4611,5899,'insulin receptor complex','C','A disulfide-bonded, heterotetrameric receptor complex. The alpha chains are entirely extracellular, while each beta chain has one transmembrane domain. The ligand binds to the alpha subunit extracellular domain and the kinase is associated with the beta subunit intracellular domain.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4612,5900,'oncostatin-M receptor complex','C','A heterodimeric receptor for the cytokine oncostatin-M (OSM). In humans the receptor complex is made up of the gene products gp130 and OSMR-beta.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4613,5901,'caveola','C','A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include any of the minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Such caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4614,5902,'microvillus','C','Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4615,5903,'brush border','C','Dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells in tissues such as the intestine, kidney, and choroid plexus; the microvilli aid absorption by increasing the surface area of the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4616,5905,'coated pit','C','A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4617,5906,'clathrin adaptor','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4618,5907,'HA1 clathrin adaptor','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4619,5908,'HA2 clathrin adaptor','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4620,5911,'cell-cell junction','C','A cell junction that forms a connection between two cells; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4621,5912,'adherens junction','C','A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4622,5913,'cell-cell adherens junction','C','An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4623,5914,'spot adherens junction','C','A small cell-cell adherens junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4624,5915,'zonula adherens','C','A cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4625,5916,'fascia adherens','C','A cell-cell adherens junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighboring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4626,5917,'nephrocyte diaphragm','C','A specialized cell-cell junction found between nephrocytes of the insect kidney, which is adapted for filtration of hemolymph. The insect nephrocyte is anatomically and functionally similarity to the glomerular podocyte of vertebrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4627,5918,'septate junction','C','A cell-cell junction that forms a continuous band around each cell in an epithelium; within the septate junction the membranes of adjacent cells maintain a constant distance of approximately 15 nm; found in invertebrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4628,5919,'pleated septate junction','C','A septate junction in which regular arrays of electron-dense septae span the intermembrane space.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4629,5920,'smooth septate junction','C','A septate junction that lacks the regular arrays of electron-dense septae found in pleated septate junctions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4630,5921,'gap junction','C','A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4631,5922,'connexon complex','C','An assembly of six molecules of connexin, made in the Golgi apparatus and subsequently transported to the plasma membrane, where docking of two connexons on apposed plasma membranes across the extracellular space forms a gap junction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4632,5923,'tight junction','C','An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4633,5924,'cell-substrate adherens junction','C','An adherens junction which connects a cell to the extracellular matrix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4634,5925,'focal adhesion','C','Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4635,5926,'connecting hemi-adherens junction','C','A cell-substrate adherens junction, also known as a hemiadherens junction (HAJ) that forms one of a pair of junctions in opposing cells that are separated by only 30-40nm, with a thin line of extracellular electron-dense material in between; found where muscles attach to epidermal cells directly (in insects).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4636,5927,'muscle tendon junction','C','A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4637,5928,'apical hemi-adherens junction','C','A cell-substrate adherens junction found in the apical region of a cell, such as those found in cuticle-secreting epithelia, which connect the apical membrane to the cuticle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4638,5929,'cilium','C','A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4639,5930,'axoneme','C','The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia and flagella in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4640,5931,'nexin complex','C','A protein complex found in the axoneme of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. It forms interconnections between the microtubule outer doublets that surround the inner central pair of microtubules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4641,5932,'microtubule basal body','C','A short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum that is similar in structure to a centriole. The basal body serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4642,5933,'cellular bud','C','A protuberance from a cell of an organism that reproduces by budding, which will grow larger and become a separate daughter cell after nuclear division, cytokinesis, and cell wall formation (when appropriate). The daughter cell may completely separate from the mother cell, or the mother and daughter cells may remain associated.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4643,5934,'cellular bud tip','C','The end of a cellular bud distal to the site of attachment to the mother cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4644,5935,'cellular bud neck','C','The constriction between the mother cell and daughter cell (bud) in an organism that reproduces by budding.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4645,5936,'shmoo','C','OBSOLETE. The characteristic projection formed in response to mating pheromone by cells of Saccharomyces and other fungi with similar life cycles. Named after the Al Capp cartoon character, whose shape it resembles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4646,5937,'mating projection','C','The projection formed by unicellular fungi in response to mating pheromone.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4647,5938,'cell cortex','C','The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4648,5940,'septin ring','C','A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament-forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. This type of septin structure is observed at the bud neck of budding fungal cells, at the site of cell division in animal cells, at the junction between the mother cell and a pseudohyphal projection, and also within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4649,5941,'unlocalized protein complex','C','OBSOLETE. Used as a holding place for cellular components whose precise localization is, as yet, unknown, or has not been determined by GO (the latter is the major reason for nodes to have this parent); this term should not be used for annotation of gene products.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4650,5942,'phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex','C','A complex containing a heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory (adaptor) subunit of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4651,5943,'1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase, class IA complex','C','A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase activity; comprises a catalytic Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit of 110-120 kDa and an associated SH2 domain-containing regulatory subunit that is a member of a family of related proteins often called p85 proteins. Class I PI3Ks phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol [PI], phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], and are divided into subclasses A and B according to the type of adaptor subunit with which they associate. Through the interaction with the SH2-containing adaptor subunits, Class IA PI3K catalytic subunits are linked to tyrosine kinase signaling pathways.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4652,5944,'1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase, class IB complex','C','A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase activity; comprises a catalytic Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit of 110-120 kDa and an associated regulatory subunit that is larger than, and unrelated to, the p85 proteins present in class IA complexes. Class I PI3Ks phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol [PI], phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and are divided into subclasses A and B according to the type of adaptor subunit with which they associate. Class IB PI3Ks are stimulated by G-proteins and do not interact with the SH2-domain containing adaptors that bind to Class IA PI3Ks.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4653,5945,'6-phosphofructokinase complex','C','A protein complex that possesses 6-phosphofructokinase activity; homodimeric, homooctameric, and allosteric homotetrameric forms are known.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4654,5946,'alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase complex (UDP-forming)','C','A protein complex that possesses alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) and trehalose-phosphatase activities, and thus catalyzes two reactions in trehalose biosynthesis. In the complex identified in Saccharomyces, Tps1p has alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) activity, Tps2p has trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase activity; Tps3p is a regulatory subunit, and an additional subunit, Tsl1p, may be present.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4655,5947,'mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex','C','Mitochondrial complex that possesses alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4656,5948,'acetolactate synthase complex','C','A dimeric (a large and a small chain) or tetrameric (two large and two small chains) enzyme complex. Catalyzes the formation of acetolactate from pyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4657,5949,'aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase complex','C','OBSOLETE. A heterodimeric enzyme composed of an alpha and beta subunit. Catalyzes the formation of L-2-aminoadipate from L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4658,5950,'anthranilate synthase complex','C','A heterotetrameric enzyme complex made up of two components I and two components II. Catalyzes the formation of anthranilate, pyruvate and L-glutamate from chorismate and L-glutamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4659,5951,'carbamoyl-phosphate synthase complex','C','A protein complex that catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate; comprises a small subunit that binds and cleaves glutamine, and a large subunit that accepts the ammonia group cleaved from glutamine, binds all of the remaining substrates and effectors, and carries out all of the other catalytic events.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4660,5952,'cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex','C','An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4661,5953,'CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex','C','A heterodimeric enzyme, composed of an alpha and a beta subunit. Participates in the post-translational C-terminal modification of several small GTPases, allowing their targeting to the membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4662,5954,'calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex','C','An enzyme complex which in eukaryotes is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 8 to 12 subunits. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins to O-phosphoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4663,5955,'calcineurin complex','C','A heterodimeric calcium ion and calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase composed of catalytic and regulatory subunits; the regulatory subunit is very similar in sequence to calmodulin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4664,5956,'protein kinase CK2 complex','C','A protein complex that possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and contains two catalytic alpha subunits and two regulatory beta subunits. Protein kinase CK2 complexes are found in nearly every subcellular compartment, and can phosphorylate many protein substrates in addition to casein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4665,5957,'debranching enzyme','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4666,5958,'DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex','C','A large protein complex which is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku, the nuclear phosphoprotein XRCC4 or a homolog thereof, and DNA ligase IV.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4667,5960,'glycine cleavage complex','C','A protein complex that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of glycine. In E. coli, it has four components: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), lipoyl-GcvH-protein and aminomethyltransferase, also known as L, P, H, and T.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4668,5962,'mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase complex (NAD+)','C','Mitochondrial complex that possesses isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4669,5963,'magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex','C','An enzyme complex that catalyzes the removal of serine- or threonine-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes that have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4670,5964,'phosphorylase kinase complex','C','An enzyme complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphorylase b to form phosphorylase a.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4671,5965,'protein farnesyltransferase complex','C','A protein complex that possesses protein farnesyltransferase activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4672,5966,'cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase complex','C','An enzyme complex that catalyzes the hydrolysis of bonds in a cyclic nucleotide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4673,5967,'mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex','C','Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA in eukaryotes; includes subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). The This Eukaryotic form usually contains more subunits than its bacterial counterpart; for example, one known complex contains 30 E1 dimers, 60 E2 monomers, and 6 E3 dimers as well as a few copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4674,5968,'Rab-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex','C','A heterodimeric enzyme complex, which in mammals is composed of an alpha and a beta subunit, and which associates with an accessory protein Rep (Rab escort protein). Catalyzes of the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl group from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to a Rab protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4675,5969,'serine-pyruvate aminotransferase complex','C','An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of hydroxypyruvate and alanine from serine and pyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4676,5971,'ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex','C','An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2\'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4677,5972,'fibrinogen alpha chain','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4678,5973,'fibrinogen beta chain','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4679,5974,'fibrinogen gamma chain','C','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4680,5975,'carbohydrate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4681,5976,'polysaccharide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4682,5977,'glycogen metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues in alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha-(1->6) glycosidic linkages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4683,5978,'glycogen biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4684,5979,'regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4685,5980,'glycogen catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4686,5981,'regulation of glycogen catabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4687,5982,'starch metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants. It is a glucan consisting of two components, amylose and amylopectin, which are both glucose homopolymers. Starch is synthesized as a temporary storage form of carbon and can be catabolized to produce sucrose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4688,5983,'starch catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4689,5984,'disaccharide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any disaccharide, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4690,5985,'sucrose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4691,5986,'sucrose biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4692,5987,'sucrose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4693,5988,'lactose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactose, the disaccharide galactopyranosyl-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4694,5989,'lactose biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactose, the disaccharide galactopyranosyl-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4695,5990,'lactose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, the disaccharide galactopyranosyl-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4696,5991,'trehalose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4697,5992,'trehalose biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4698,5993,'trehalose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4699,5994,'melibiose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4700,5995,'melibiose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4701,5996,'monosaccharide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving monosaccharides, the simplest carbohydrates. They are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4702,5997,'xylulose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4703,5998,'xylulose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4704,5999,'xylulose biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4705,6000,'fructose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4706,6001,'fructose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4707,6002,'fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 6-phosphate, also known as F6P. The D-enantiomer is an important intermediate in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fructose metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4708,6003,'fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. The D enantiomer is an important regulator of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. It inhibits fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and activates phosphofructokinase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4709,6004,'fucose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fucose, or 6-deoxygalactose, which has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4710,6005,'L-fucose biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4711,6006,'glucose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4712,6007,'glucose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4713,6009,'glucose 1-phosphate phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into glucose 1-phosphate to produce glucose bisphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4714,6011,'UDP-glucose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4715,6012,'galactose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4716,6013,'mannose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4717,6014,'D-ribose metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-ribose (ribo-pentose). As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4718,6015,'5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate, also known as 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4719,6016,'2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 1-phospho-2-deoxyribose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4720,6017,'deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate, the diphosphorylated sugar 1,5-diphospho-2-deoxyribose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4721,6018,'2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyribose 1-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 1-phospho-2-deoxyribose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4722,6019,'deoxyribose 5-phosphate phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into deoxyribose 5-phosphate to produce deoxyribose bisphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4723,6020,'inositol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4724,6021,'inositol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4725,6022,'aminoglycan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4726,6023,'aminoglycan biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4727,6024,'glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4728,6025,'galactosaminoglycan biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars derived from the galactose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4729,6026,'aminoglycan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4730,6027,'glycosaminoglycan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4731,6028,'galactosaminoglycan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars derived from the galactose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4732,6029,'proteoglycan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4733,6030,'chitin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4734,6031,'chitin biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4735,6032,'chitin catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4736,6033,'chitin localization','P','A process in which chitin is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4737,6034,'cuticle chitin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving cuticle chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in cuticles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4738,6035,'cuticle chitin biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cuticle chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in cuticles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4739,6036,'cuticle chitin catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cuticle chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in cuticles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4740,6037,'cell wall chitin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4741,6038,'cell wall chitin biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4742,6039,'cell wall chitin catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4743,6040,'amino sugar metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4744,6041,'glucosamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4745,6042,'glucosamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4746,6043,'glucosamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4747,6044,'N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4748,6045,'N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4749,6046,'N-acetylglucosamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4750,6047,'UDP-N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4751,6048,'UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4752,6049,'UDP-N-acetylglucosamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4753,6050,'mannosamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosomine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose; the D-isomer is a constituent of neuraminic acids as well as mucolipids and mucoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4754,6051,'N-acetylmannosamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4755,6052,'N-acetylmannosamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4756,6053,'N-acetylmannosamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4757,6054,'N-acetylneuraminate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4758,6055,'CMP-N-acetylneuraminate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CMP-N-acetylneuraminate, a substance composed of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid in glycosidic linkage with cytidine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4759,6056,'mannoprotein metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4760,6057,'mannoprotein biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4761,6058,'mannoprotein catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4762,6059,'hexitol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4763,6060,'sorbitol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4764,6061,'sorbitol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4765,6062,'sorbitol catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4766,6063,'uronic acid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving uronic acid, any monocarboxylic acid formally derived by oxidizing to a carboxyl group the terminal hydroxymethylene group of either an aldose with four or more carbon atoms in the molecule, or of any glycoside derived from such an aldose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4767,6064,'glucuronate catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4768,6065,'UDP-glucuronate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-glucuronate, a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4769,6066,'alcohol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4770,6067,'ethanol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4771,6068,'ethanol catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4772,6069,'ethanol oxidation','P','An ethanol metabolic process in which ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA via acetaldehyde and acetate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4773,6070,'octanol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4774,6071,'glycerol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4775,6072,'glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4776,6073,'cellular glucan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4777,6074,'(1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4778,6075,'(1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4779,6076,'(1->3)-beta-D-glucan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4780,6077,'(1->6)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->6)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->6)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4781,6078,'(1->6)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->6)-beta-D-glucans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4782,6079,'(1->6)-beta-D-glucan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (1->6)-beta-D-glucans.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4783,6080,'substituted mannan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a mannan backbone composed of D-mannose unites, substituted with D-glucose and/or D-galactose units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4784,6081,'cellular aldehyde metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O, as carried out by individual cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4785,6082,'organic acid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4786,6083,'acetate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetate, the anion of acetic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4787,6084,'acetyl-CoA metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4788,6085,'acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4789,6086,'acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4790,6088,'acetate to acetyl-CoA','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4791,6089,'lactate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactate, the anion of lactic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4792,6090,'pyruvate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4793,6091,'generation of precursor metabolites and energy','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4794,6094,'gluconeogenesis','P','The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4795,6096,'glycolysis','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4796,6097,'glyoxylate cycle','P','A modification of the TCA cycle occurring in some plants and microorganisms, in which isocitrate is cleaved to glyoxylate and succinate. Glyoxylate can then react with acetyl-CoA to form malate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4797,6098,'pentose-phosphate shunt','P','The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4798,6099,'tricarboxylic acid cycle','P','A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4799,6100,'tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate metabolic process','P','OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways involving intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4800,6101,'citrate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate. Citrate is widely distributed in nature and is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4801,6102,'isocitrate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving isocitrate, the anion of isocitric acid, 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid. Isocitrate is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glycoxylate cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4802,6103,'2-oxoglutarate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxoglutarate, the dianion of 2-oxoglutaric acid. It is a key constituent of the TCA cycle and a key intermediate in amino-acid metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4803,6104,'succinyl-CoA metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving succinyl-CoA, a compound composed of the monovalent acyl group 3-carboxypropanoyl, derived from succinic acid by loss of one OH group, linked to coenzyme A.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4804,6105,'succinate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving succinate, also known as butanedioate or ethane dicarboxylate, the dianion of succinic acid. Succinate is an important intermediate in metabolism and a component of the TCA cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4805,6106,'fumarate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumarate, the anion of trans-1,2-ethenedicarboxylic acid, the diastereoisomer of maleate. It is a key intermediate in metabolism and is formed in the TCA cycle from succinate and converted into malate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4806,6107,'oxaloacetate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxaloacetate, the anion of oxobutanedioic acid, an important intermediate in metabolism, especially as a component of the TCA cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4807,6108,'malate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving malate, the anion of hydroxybutanedioic acid, a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4808,6109,'regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4809,6110,'regulation of glycolysis','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4810,6111,'regulation of gluconeogenesis','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis, the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4811,6112,'energy reserve metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from stored compounds such as fats or glycogen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4812,6113,'fermentation','P','The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, to other compounds, especially to ethyl alcohol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4813,6114,'glycerol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4814,6115,'ethanol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4815,6116,'NADH oxidation','P','A metabolic process that results in the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, to the oxidized form, NAD.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4816,6117,'acetaldehyde metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4817,6118,'electron transport','P','OBSOLETE. The transport of electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4818,6119,'oxidative phosphorylation','P','The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4819,6120,'mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone','P','The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4820,6121,'mitochondrial electron transport, succinate to ubiquinone','P','The transfer of electrons from succinate to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4821,6122,'mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c','P','The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4822,6123,'mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen','P','The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4823,6124,'ferredoxin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ferredoxin, any simple, nonenzymatic iron-sulfur protein that is characterized by having equal numbers of atoms of iron and labile sulfur. Iron and sulfur atoms are present in one or two clusters of two or four atoms of each.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4824,6125,'thioredoxin pathway','P','OBSOLETE.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4825,6126,'other pathways of electron transport','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4826,6127,'glycerophosphate shuttle','P','The process of transferring reducing equivalents from the cytosol into the mitochondria; NADH is used to synthesise glycerol 3-phosphate in the cytosol; this compound is then transported into the mitochondria where it is converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) using FAD; DHAP then returns to the cytosol to complete the cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4827,6128,'oxidized glutathione reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4828,6129,'protein-disulfide reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4829,6130,'6-phosphofructokinase reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4830,6131,'dihydrolipoamide reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4831,6132,'dihydrolipoylprotein reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4832,6133,'5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate oxidation','P','OBSOLETE.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4833,6134,'dihydrobiopterin reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4834,6135,'dihydropteridine reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4835,6139,'nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process','P','Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4836,6140,'regulation of nucleotide metabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4837,6141,'regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purines.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4838,6142,'regulation of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4839,6143,'purine metabolic process','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4840,6144,'purine nucleobase metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4841,6145,'purine nucleobase catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4842,6146,'adenine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the 5 main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4843,6147,'guanine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, a purine that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of a number of phosphorylated guanosine derivatives whose metabolic or regulatory functions are important.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4844,6148,'inosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, a nucleoside found free but not in combination in nucleic acids except in the anticodons of some tRNAs.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4845,6149,'deoxyinosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyinosine, hypoxanthine deoxyriboside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4846,6150,'hypoxanthine oxidation','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hypoxanthine to xanthine and thence to uric acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4847,6151,'xanthine oxidation','P','The oxidation of xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4848,6152,'purine nucleoside catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4849,6153,'purine nucleosidase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4850,6154,'adenosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4851,6155,'adenosine deaminase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4852,6157,'deoxyadenosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4853,6158,'deoxyadenosine deaminase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4854,6161,'deoxyguanosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyguanosine, a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4855,6162,'purine/pyrimidine nucleoside diphosphate reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4856,6163,'purine nucleotide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4857,6164,'purine nucleotide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4858,6165,'nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into a nucleoside diphosphate to produce a nucleoside triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4859,6166,'purine ribonucleoside salvage','P','Any process which produces a purine nucleoside from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4860,6167,'AMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of AMP, adenosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4861,6168,'adenine salvage','P','Any process that generates adenine, 6-aminopurine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4862,6169,'adenosine salvage','P','Any process that generates adenosine, adenine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4863,6170,'dAMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate (2\'-deoxyadenosine 5\'-phosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4864,6171,'cAMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3\',5\'-cyclophosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4865,6172,'ADP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP, adenosine 5\'-diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4866,6173,'dADP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate (2\'-deoxyadenosine 5\'-diphosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4867,6174,'dADP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate, to produce dATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4868,6175,'dATP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2\'-deoxyadenosine 5\'-triphosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4869,6176,'dATP biosynthetic process from ADP','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2\'-deoxyadenosine 5\'-triphosphate) from other compounds, including ADP, adenosine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4870,6177,'GMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GMP, guanosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4871,6178,'guanine salvage','P','Any process that generates guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4872,6179,'guanosine salvage','P','Any process that generates guanosine, guanine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4873,6180,'deoxyguanosine salvage','P','Any process that generates deoxyguanosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4874,6181,'dGMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate (2\'-deoxyguanosine 5\'-phosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4875,6182,'cGMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3\',5\'-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4876,6183,'GTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4877,6184,'GTP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4878,6185,'dGDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2\'-deoxyguanosine 5\'-diphosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4879,6186,'dGDP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, to produce dGTP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4880,6187,'dGTP biosynthetic process from dGDP','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dGTP, deoxyguanosine triphosphate (2\'-deoxyguanosine 5\'-triphosphate) from other compounds, including gGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4881,6188,'IMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4882,6189,'\'de novo\' IMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate, by the stepwise assembly of a purine ring on ribose 5-phosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4883,6190,'inosine salvage','P','Any process that generates inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4884,6191,'deoxyinosine salvage','P','Any process that generates deoxyinosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4885,6192,'IDP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into IDP, inosine (5\'-)diphosphate, to produce ITP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4886,6193,'ITP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ITP, inosine (5\'-)triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4887,6194,'dIDP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into dIDP, deoxyinosine diphosphate, to produce dITP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4888,6195,'purine nucleotide catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4889,6196,'AMP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of AMP, adenosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4890,6197,'adenylate deaminase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4891,6198,'cAMP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3\',5\'-cyclophosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4892,6199,'ADP reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4893,6200,'ATP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ATP, adenosine 5\'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4894,6201,'GMP catabolic process to IMP','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanosine monophosphate into other compounds, including inosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4895,6202,'GMP catabolic process to guanine','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanosine monophosphate into other compounds, including guanine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4896,6203,'dGTP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGTP, guanosine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4897,6204,'IMP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of IMP, inosine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4898,6205,'pyrimidine metabolic process','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4899,6206,'pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4900,6207,'\'de novo\' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4901,6208,'pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4902,6209,'cytosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4903,6210,'thymine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4904,6211,'5-methylcytosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4905,6212,'uracil catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4906,6213,'pyrimidine nucleoside metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any pyrimidine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4907,6214,'thymidine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymidine, deoxyribosylthymine thymine 2-deoxyriboside, a deoxynucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in deoxynucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4908,6216,'cytidine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4909,6217,'deoxycytidine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4910,6218,'uridine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uridine, uracil riboside, a ribonucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4911,6219,'deoxyuridine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyuridine, 2-deoxyribosyluracil, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4912,6220,'pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4913,6221,'pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4914,6222,'UMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UMP, uridine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4915,6223,'uracil salvage','P','Any process that generates uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4916,6224,'uridine kinase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4917,6225,'UDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP, uridine (5\'-)diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4918,6226,'dUMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dUMP, deoxyuridine monophosphate (2\'-deoxyuridine 5\'-phosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4919,6227,'dUDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dUDP, deoxyuridine diphosphate (2\'-deoxy-5\'-uridylyl phosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4920,6228,'UTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5\'-)triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4921,6229,'dUTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dUTP, deoxyuridine (5\'-)triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4922,6230,'TMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TMP, ribosylthymine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4923,6231,'dTMP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2\'-deoxyribosylthymine 5\'-phosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4924,6232,'TDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TDP, ribosylthymine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4925,6233,'dTDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate (2\'-deoxyribosylthymine5\'-diphosphate).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4926,6234,'TTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TTP, ribosylthymine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4927,6235,'dTTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4928,6236,'cytidine salvage','P','Any process that generates cytidine, cytosine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4929,6237,'deoxycytidine salvage','P','Any process that generates deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4930,6238,'CMP salvage','P','Any process that generates CMP, cytidine monophosphate, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4931,6239,'dCMP salvage','P','Any process that generates dCMP, deoxycytidine monophosphate from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4932,6240,'dCDP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dCDP, deoxycytidine 5\'-diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4933,6241,'CTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5\'-triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4934,6242,'dCTP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dCTP, deoxycytidine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4935,6244,'pyrimidine nucleotide catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3\' or 5\'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4936,6245,'TDP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of TDP, ribosylthymine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4937,6246,'dTDP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4938,6247,'TTP reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4939,6248,'CMP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CMP, cytidine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4940,6249,'dCMP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCMP, deoxycytidine monophosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4941,6250,'CDP reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4942,6251,'dCDP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCDP, deoxycytidine 5\'-diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4943,6252,'CTP reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4944,6253,'dCTP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCTP, deoxycytidine triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4945,6254,'CTP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CTP, cytidine 5\'-triphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4946,6255,'UDP reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4947,6256,'UDP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP, uridine (5\'-)diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4948,6257,'dUDP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dUDP, deoxyuridine (5\'-)diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4949,6258,'UDP-glucose catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4950,6259,'DNA metabolic process','P','Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4951,6260,'DNA replication','P','The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4952,6261,'DNA-dependent DNA replication','P','A DNA replication process that uses parental DNA as a template for the DNA-dependent DNA polymerases that synthesize the new strands.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4953,6264,'mitochondrial DNA replication','P','The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4954,6265,'DNA topological change','P','The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4955,6266,'DNA ligation','P','The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4956,6267,'pre-replicative complex assembly involved in nuclear cell cycle DNA replication','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the nuclear pre-replicative complex, a protein-DNA complex that forms at eukaryotic DNA replication origins during late M phase; its presence is required for replication initiation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4957,6268,'DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication','P','The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or \'melted\', generating unpaired template strands for DNA replication.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4958,6269,'DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer','P','The synthesis of a short RNA polymer, usually 4-15 nucleotides long, using one strand of unwound DNA as a template; the RNA then serves as a primer from which DNA polymerases extend synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4959,6270,'DNA replication initiation','P','The process in which DNA-dependent DNA replication is started; this involves the separation of a stretch of the DNA double helix, the recruitment of DNA polymerases and the initiation of polymerase action.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4960,6271,'DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication','P','The process in which a DNA strand is synthesized from template DNA during replication by the action of polymerases, which add nucleotides to the 3\' end of the nascent DNA strand.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4961,6272,'leading strand elongation','P','The synthesis of DNA from a template strand in the 5\' to 3\' direction; leading strand elongation is continuous as it proceeds in the same direction as the replication fork.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4962,6273,'lagging strand elongation','P','The synthesis of DNA from a template strand in a net 3\' to 5\' direction. Lagging strand DNA elongation proceeds by discontinuous synthesis of short stretches of DNA, known as Okazaki fragments, from RNA primers; these fragments are then joined by DNA ligase. Although each segment of nascent DNA is synthesized in the 5\' to 3\' direction, the overall direction of lagging strand synthesis is 3\' to 5\', mirroring the progress of the replication fork.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4963,6274,'DNA replication termination','P','The process in which DNA replication at a replication fork ceases; occurs when the replication fork reaches a specific termination site or when two replication forks meet.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4964,6275,'regulation of DNA replication','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4965,6276,'plasmid maintenance','P','The maintenance of the integrity of extrachromosomal plasmid DNA; includes processes that ensure plasmids are retained in the daughter cells after cell division.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4966,6277,'DNA amplification','P','The process in which the number of copies of a gene is increased in certain cells as extra copies of DNA are made in response to certain signals of cell development or of stress from the environment.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4967,6278,'RNA-dependent DNA replication','P','A DNA replication process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strands.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4968,6279,'premeiotic DNA replication','P','The replication of DNA that precedes meiotic cell division.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4969,6280,'mutagenesis','P','OBSOLETE. The process by which genetic material undergoes a detectable and heritable structural change. There are three categories of mutation: genome mutations, involving addition or subtraction of one or more whole chromosomes; chromosome mutations, which alter the structure of chromosomes; and gene mutations, where the structure of a gene is altered at the molecular level.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4970,6281,'DNA repair','P','The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4971,6282,'regulation of DNA repair','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4972,6283,'transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair','P','The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4973,6284,'base-excision repair','P','In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4974,6285,'base-excision repair, AP site formation','P','The formation of an AP site, a deoxyribose sugar with a missing base, by DNA glycosylase which recognizes an altered base in DNA and catalyzes its hydrolytic removal. This sugar phosphate is the substrate recognized by the AP endonuclease, which cuts the DNA phosphodiester backbone at the 5\' side of the altered site to leave a gap which is subsequently repaired.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4975,6286,'base-excision repair, base-free sugar-phosphate removal','P','Excision of the sugar phosphate residue at an AP site, i.e. a deoxyribose sugar with a missing base, by a phosphodiesterase enzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4976,6287,'base-excision repair, gap-filling','P','Repair of the damaged strand by the combined action of an apurinic endouclease that degrades a few bases on the damaged strand and a polymerase that synthesizes a \'patch\' in the 5\' to 3\' direction, using the undamaged strand as a template.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4977,6288,'base-excision repair, DNA ligation','P','The ligation by DNA ligase of DNA strands. Ligation occurs after polymerase action to fill the gap left by the action of endonucleases during base-excision repair.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4978,6289,'nucleotide-excision repair','P','A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4979,6290,'pyrimidine dimer repair','P','The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4980,6291,'pyrimidine-dimer repair, DNA damage excision','P','OBSOLETE. The excision of damaged DNA during pyrimidine-dimer repair. A large multienzyme complex scans the DNA for a distortion in the double helix rather than for a specific base change. Once a bulky lesion is found, the phosphodiester backbone of the abnormal strand is cleaved on both sides of the distortion, and the portion of the strand containing the lesion (an oligonucleotide) is peeled away from the DNA double helix by a DNA helicase enzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4981,6292,'pyrimidine-dimer repair, DNA damage recognition','P','OBSOLETE. The location of pyrimidine dimers by a large multienzyme complex that scans the DNA for distortions in the double helix caused by pyrimidine dimers.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4982,6293,'nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex stabilization','P','The stabilization of the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage as well as the unwound DNA. The stabilization of the protein-DNA complex ensures proper positioning of the preincision complex before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3\' and 5\' of the site of DNA damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4983,6294,'nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage. This assembly occurs before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3\' and 5\' of the site of DNA damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4984,6295,'nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3\'-to lesion','P','The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 3\' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision precedes the incision formed 5\' to the site of damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4985,6296,'nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5\'-to lesion','P','The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5\' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3\' to the site of damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4986,6297,'nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling','P','Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4987,6298,'mismatch repair','P','A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4988,6299,'short patch mismatch repair system','P','OBSOLETE. The repair of mismatched DNA where the gap to be repaired is only one nucleotide. DNA polymerase is the preferred polymerase in short patch repair, performing gap filling DNA synthesis and removal of the 5\'-deoxyribose phosphate of the abasic site.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4989,6301,'postreplication repair','P','The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication. Includes pathways that remove replication-blocking lesions in conjunction with DNA replication.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4990,6302,'double-strand break repair','P','The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4991,6303,'double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining','P','The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4992,6304,'DNA modification','P','The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotide sites in DNA, resulting in a change in its properties.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4993,6305,'DNA alkylation','P','The addition of alkyl groups to many positions on all four bases of DNA. Alkylating agents can also modify the bases of incoming nucleotides in the course of DNA synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4994,6306,'DNA methylation','P','The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4995,6307,'DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair','P','The repair of alkylation damage, e.g. the removal of the alkyl group at the O6-position of guanine by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4996,6308,'DNA catabolic process','P','The cellular DNA metabolic process resulting in the breakdown of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3\'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3\',5\'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5\'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4997,6309,'apoptotic DNA fragmentation','P','The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4998,6310,'DNA recombination','P','Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(4999,6311,'meiotic gene conversion','P','The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5000,6312,'mitotic recombination','P','The exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between one DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA that occurs during mitotic cell cycles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5001,6313,'transposition, DNA-mediated','P','Any process involved in a type of transpositional recombination which occurs via a DNA intermediate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5002,6314,'intron homing','P','Lateral transfer of an intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5003,6315,'homing of group II introns','P','Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5004,6316,'movement of group I intron','P','Lateral transfer of a group I intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group I introns are self-splicing introns that use guanosine as a cofactor in the splicing reaction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5005,6323,'DNA packaging','P','Any process in which DNA and associated proteins are formed into a compact, orderly structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5006,6324,'S phase-specific histone modification','P','OBSOLETE. The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a histone protein that takes place during, and results in a modification pattern characteristic of, S phase of the cell cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5007,6325,'chromatin organization','P','Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5008,6326,'bent DNA binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5009,6327,'random coil binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5010,6328,'AT binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5011,6329,'satellite DNA binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5012,6330,'single-stranded DNA binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5013,6333,'chromatin assembly or disassembly','P','The formation or destruction of chromatin structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5014,6334,'nucleosome assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5015,6335,'DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly','P','The formation of nucleosomes on newly replicated DNA, coupled to strand elongation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5016,6336,'DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly','P','The formation of nucleosomes outside the context of DNA replication.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5017,6337,'nucleosome disassembly','P','The controlled breakdown of nucleosomes, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5018,6338,'chromatin remodeling','P','Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5019,6339,'positive regulation of transcription of homeotic gene (trithorax group)','P','OBSOLETE. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of homeotic genes of the trithorax group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5020,6340,'negative regulation of transcription of homeotic gene (Polycomb group)','P','OBSOLETE. Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of homeotic genes of the Polycomb group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5021,6341,'chromatin insulator sequence binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5022,6342,'chromatin silencing','P','Repression of transcription by altering the structure of chromatin, e.g. by conversion of large regions of DNA into an inaccessible state often called heterochromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5023,6343,'establishment of chromatin silencing','P','The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5024,6344,'maintenance of chromatin silencing','P','The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5025,6346,'methylation-dependent chromatin silencing','P','Repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5026,6348,'chromatin silencing at telomere','P','Repression of transcription of telomeric DNA by altering the structure of chromatin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5027,6349,'regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting','P','Heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the paternal or the maternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5028,6351,'transcription, DNA-dependent','P','The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5029,6352,'DNA-dependent transcription, initiation','P','Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5030,6353,'DNA-dependent transcription, termination','P','The cellular process that completes DNA-dependent transcription; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5031,6354,'DNA-dependent transcription, elongation','P','The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by an RNA polymerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5032,6355,'regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5033,6356,'regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase I promoter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5034,6357,'regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5035,6359,'regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA ploymerase III promoter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5036,6360,'transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter','P','The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase I (RNAP I), originating at an RNAP I promoter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5037,6361,'transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter','P','Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase I promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5038,6362,'transcription elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter','P','The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase I specific promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase I.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5039,6363,'termination of RNA polymerase I transcription','P','The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by RNA polymerase I using a DNA template is completed. RNAP I termination requires binding of a terminator protein so specific sequences downstream of the transcription unit.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5040,6364,'rRNA processing','P','Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5041,6366,'transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter','P','The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5042,6367,'transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter','P','Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5043,6368,'transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter','P','The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase II promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5044,6369,'termination of RNA polymerase II transcription','P','The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by RNA polymerase II using a DNA template is completed.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5045,6370,'7-methylguanosine mRNA capping','P','Addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5\' end of a nascent messenger RNA transcript.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5046,6371,'mRNA splicing','P','OBSOLETE. The process in which excision of introns from the primary transcript of messenger RNA (mRNA) is followed by ligation of the two exon termini exposed by removal of each intron, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5047,6372,'lariat formation, 5\'-splice site cleavage','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5048,6373,'3\'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5049,6376,'mRNA splice site selection','P','Selection of a splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5050,6377,'MATa1 (A1) pre-mRNA splicing','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5051,6378,'mRNA polyadenylation','P','The enzymatic addition of a sequence of 40-200 adenylyl residues at the 3\' end of a eukaryotic mRNA primary transcript.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5052,6379,'mRNA cleavage','P','Any process in which a pre-mRNA or mRNA molecule is cleaved at specific sites or in a regulated manner.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5053,6380,'poly-A binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5054,6382,'adenosine to inosine editing','P','The conversion of an adenosine residue to inosine in an RNA molecule by deamination.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5055,6383,'transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter','P','The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III, originating at an RNAP III promoter.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5056,6384,'transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III promoter','P','Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase III preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase III promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5057,6385,'transcription elongation from RNA polymerase III promoter','P','The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase III promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase III.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5058,6386,'termination of RNA polymerase III transcription','P','The process in which transcription by RNA polymerase III is terminated; Pol III has an intrinsic ability to terminate transcription upon incorporation of 4 to 6 contiguous U residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5059,6387,'snRNA capping','P','OBSOLETE. The sequence of enzymatic reactions resulting in the addition of a cap to the 5\' end of a nascent snRNA transcript.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5060,6388,'tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation','P','Splicing of tRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5\' and 3\' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3\' and 5\' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5061,6389,'tRNA-Y splicing','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5062,6390,'transcription from mitochondrial promoter','P','The synthesis of RNA from a mitochondrial DNA template, usually by a specific mitochondrial RNA polymerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5063,6391,'transcription initiation from mitochondrial promoter','P','A transcription initiation process that takes place at a promoter on the mitochondrial chromosome, and results in RNA synthesis by a mitochondrial RNA polymerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5064,6392,'transcription elongation from mitochondrial promoter','P','The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at mitochondrial promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a mitchondrial RNA polymerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5065,6393,'termination of mitochondrial transcription','P','The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule using a mitochondrial DNA template is completed.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5066,6396,'RNA processing','P','Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5067,6397,'mRNA processing','P','Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5068,6398,'histone mRNA 3\'-end processing','P','Any process involved in forming the mature 3\' end of a histone mRNA molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5069,6399,'tRNA metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis. Transfer RNA is characterized by the presence of many unusual minor bases, the function of which has not been completely established.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5070,6400,'tRNA modification','P','The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5071,6401,'RNA catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3\',5\'-phosphodiester linkage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5072,6402,'mRNA catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic \'message\', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5073,6403,'RNA localization','P','A process in which RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5074,6404,'RNA import into nucleus','P','The import of RNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5075,6405,'RNA export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5076,6406,'mRNA export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5077,6407,'rRNA export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of rRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; the rRNA is usually in the form of ribonucleoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5078,6408,'snRNA export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of snRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5079,6409,'tRNA export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of tRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5080,6410,'transcription, RNA-dependent','P','OBSOLETE: The cellular synthesis of DNA on a template of RNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5081,6412,'translation','P','The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5082,6413,'translational initiation','P','The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5083,6414,'translational elongation','P','The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5084,6415,'translational termination','P','The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5085,6417,'regulation of translation','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5086,6418,'tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation','P','The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the most 3\' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5087,6419,'alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5088,6420,'arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5089,6421,'asparaginyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5090,6422,'aspartyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling aspartate to aspartyl-tRNA, catalyzed by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5091,6423,'cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5092,6424,'glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'- adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5093,6425,'glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'- adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5094,6426,'glycyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5095,6427,'histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5096,6428,'isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5097,6429,'leucyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling leucine to leucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by leucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5098,6430,'lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5099,6431,'methionyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5100,6432,'phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5101,6433,'prolyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling proline to prolyl-tRNA, catalyzed by prolyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5102,6434,'seryl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling serine to seryl-tRNA, catalyzed by seryl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5103,6435,'threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5104,6436,'tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5105,6437,'tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5106,6438,'valyl-tRNA aminoacylation','P','The process of coupling valine to valyl-tRNA, catalyzed by valyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2\'- or the 3\'-hydroxyl group of the 3\'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5107,6439,'aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase reaction','P','OBSOLETE. Hydrolysis of the peptidyl-tRNA by aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase upon termination of translation. Analogous to usual peptidyl transfer during elongation, except that the acceptor is H2O instead of an aminoacyl-tRNA.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5108,6441,'binding to mRNA cap','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5109,6446,'regulation of translational initiation','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5110,6447,'regulation of translational initiation by iron','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the translation of certain mRNAs involved in iron metabolism; regulated by the concentration of iron.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5111,6448,'regulation of translational elongation','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or accuracy of translational elongation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5112,6449,'regulation of translational termination','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5113,6450,'regulation of translational fidelity','P','Any process that modulates the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5114,6451,'translational readthrough','P','The continuation of translation beyond a stop codon by the use of a special tRNA that recognizes the UAG and UGA codons as modified amino acids, rather than as termination codons.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5115,6452,'translational frameshifting','P','A mechanism whereby different proteins may result from a single mRNA molecule, due to a change in the parsing of three nucleotides per codon relative to an initiating AUG codon.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5116,6457,'protein folding','P','The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5117,6458,'\'de novo\' protein folding','P','The process of assisting in the folding of a nascent peptide chain into its correct tertiary structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5118,6459,'binding unfolded ER proteins','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5119,6460,'peptidyl-prolyl isomerase B reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5120,6461,'protein complex assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5121,6462,'protein complex assembly, multichaperone pathway','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5122,6463,'steroid hormone receptor complex assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a steroid hormone receptor complex, an intracellular receptor that binds steroid hormones. The complex is often a dimer, and forms after the steroid has bound the receptor.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5123,6464,'cellular protein modification process','P','The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5124,6465,'signal peptide processing','P','The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5125,6466,'protein disulfide-isomerase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5126,6467,'protein thiol-disulfide exchange','P','Oxidation of two organic sulfhydryl groups (thiols) by a disulfide compound to form a disulfide bond, according to the reaction RS-SR + R\'SH = R\'S-SR + RSH.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5127,6468,'protein phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5128,6469,'negative regulation of protein kinase activity','P','Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5129,6470,'protein dephosphorylation','P','The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5130,6471,'protein ADP-ribosylation','P','The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5131,6473,'protein acetylation','P','The addition of an acetyl group to a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5132,6474,'N-terminal protein amino acid acetylation','P','The acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5133,6475,'internal protein amino acid acetylation','P','The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal amino acid in a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5134,6476,'protein deacetylation','P','The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5135,6477,'protein sulfation','P','The addition of a sulfate group as an ester to a protein amino acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5136,6478,'peptidyl-tyrosine sulfation','P','The sulfation of peptidyl-tyrosine residues to form peptidyl-O4\'-sulfo-L-tyrosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5137,6479,'protein methylation','P','The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5138,6480,'N-terminal protein amino acid methylation','P','The methylation of the N-terminal amino acid of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5139,6481,'C-terminal protein methylation','P','The methylation of the C-terminal amino acid of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5140,6482,'protein demethylation','P','The removal of a methyl group, from a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5141,6483,'peptidyl-aspartic acid/asparagine hydroxylation','P','OBSOLETE. The hydroxylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid or asparagine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5142,6484,'protein cysteine-thiol oxidation','P','OBSOLETE. Oxidation of two cysteine sulfhydryl groups (thiols) in one protein by a disulfide bond in a second protein to form a disulfide bond in the first protein and two reduced sulfhydryls in the second. The oxidized cysteines linked by a disulfide bond is known as cystine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5143,6486,'protein glycosylation','P','A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5144,6487,'protein N-linked glycosylation','P','A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1\' atom peptidyl-tryptophan.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5145,6488,'dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide, usually by a stepwise addition of glycosyl chains to endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound dolichol-P.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5146,6489,'dolichyl diphosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichyl diphosphate, a diphosphorylated dolichol derivative.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5147,6490,'oligosaccharide-lipid intermediate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an oligosaccharide-lipid intermediate, such as a molecule of dolichol-P-man or dolicol-P-Glc used in N-linked glycosylation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5148,6491,'N-glycan processing','P','The conversion of N-linked glycan (N = nitrogen) structures from the initially transferred oligosaccharide to a mature form, by the actions of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. The early processing steps are conserved and play roles in glycoprotein folding and trafficking.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5149,6493,'protein O-linked glycosylation','P','A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the hydroxyl group of peptidyl-serine, peptidyl-threonine, peptidyl-hydroxylysine, or peptidyl-hydroxyproline, or via the phenol group of peptidyl-tyrosine, forming an O-glycan.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5150,6494,'protein amino acid terminal glycosylation','P','A protein amino acid glycosylation process in which a sugar unit is added to a free alpha-amino or alpha-carboxyl terminal of a peptide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5151,6495,'terminal O-glycosylation','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5152,6496,'protein amino acid terminal N-glycosylation','P','The glycosylation of a nitrogen atom of a free alpha amino terminal of a peptide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5153,6497,'protein lipidation','P','The covalent attachment of lipid groups to an amino acid in a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5154,6498,'N-terminal protein lipidation','P','The covalent attachment of a lipid group to the amino terminus of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5155,6499,'N-terminal protein myristoylation','P','The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5156,6500,'N-terminal protein palmitoylation','P','The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5157,6501,'C-terminal protein lipidation','P','The covalent attachment of a lipid group to the carboxy terminus of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5158,6502,'C-terminal protein prenylation','P','OBSOLETE. The covalent or non-covalent attachment of a prenyl group to the carboxy terminus of a protein; geranyl, farnesyl, or geranylgeranyl groups may be added.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5159,6503,'C-terminal protein farnesylation','P','OBSOLETE. The covalent or non-covalent attachment of a farnesyl group to the carboxy terminus of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5160,6504,'C-terminal protein geranylgeranylation','P','OBSOLETE. The covalent or non-covalent attachment of a geranylgeranyl group to the carboxy terminus of a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5161,6505,'GPI anchor metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5162,6506,'GPI anchor biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5163,6507,'GPI anchor release','P','The GPI anchor metabolic process that results in enzymatic cleavage of the anchor, releasing an anchored protein from the membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5164,6508,'proteolysis','P','The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5165,6509,'membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis','P','The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5166,6510,'ATP-dependent proteolysis','P','OBSOLETE. The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5167,6511,'ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5168,6512,'ubiquitin cycle','P','OBSOLETE. The cyclical process by which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to (ubiquitination) and removed from (deubiquitination) a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5169,6513,'protein monoubiquitination','P','Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5170,6515,'misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded or attenuated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5171,6516,'glycoprotein catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5172,6517,'protein deglycosylation','P','The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5173,6518,'peptide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5174,6520,'cellular amino acid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5175,6521,'regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5176,6522,'alanine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5177,6523,'alanine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5178,6524,'alanine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5179,6525,'arginine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5180,6526,'arginine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5181,6527,'arginine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5182,6528,'asparagine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5183,6529,'asparagine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5184,6530,'asparagine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5185,6531,'aspartate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5186,6532,'aspartate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5187,6533,'aspartate catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5188,6534,'cysteine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5189,6535,'cysteine biosynthetic process from serine','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine from other compounds, including serine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5190,6536,'glutamate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5191,6537,'glutamate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5192,6538,'glutamate catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5193,6539,'glutamate catabolic process via 2-oxoglutarate','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-oxoglutarate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5194,6540,'glutamate decarboxylation to succinate','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of succinate from glutamate. Also known as GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate) shunt since it channels glutamate into the TCA cycle bypassing two steps of that cycle. There are three enzymes involved in the GABA shunt: glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA aminotransferase (GABA-TA), and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). These three enzymes acting in concert to convert glutamate into succinate. The GABA shunt is predominantly associated with neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. It is also present in nonneuronal cells, in plants, in unicellular eukaryotes, and in prokaryotes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5195,6541,'glutamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5196,6542,'glutamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5197,6543,'glutamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5198,6544,'glycine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine, aminoethanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5199,6545,'glycine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5200,6546,'glycine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5201,6547,'histidine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5202,6548,'histidine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5203,6549,'isoleucine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5204,6550,'isoleucine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5205,6551,'leucine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5206,6552,'leucine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5207,6553,'lysine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5208,6554,'lysine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5209,6555,'methionine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5210,6556,'S-adenosylmethionine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5\'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5211,6557,'S-adenosylmethioninamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethioninamine, (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl) methylsulfonium salt.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5212,6558,'L-phenylalanine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5213,6559,'L-phenylalanine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5214,6560,'proline metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5215,6561,'proline biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5216,6562,'proline catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5217,6563,'L-serine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5218,6564,'L-serine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5219,6565,'L-serine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5220,6566,'threonine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5221,6567,'threonine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5222,6568,'tryptophan metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5223,6569,'tryptophan catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5224,6570,'tyrosine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5225,6571,'tyrosine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5226,6572,'tyrosine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5227,6573,'valine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5228,6574,'valine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5229,6575,'cellular modified amino acid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5230,6576,'cellular biogenic amine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5231,6577,'amino-acid betaine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5232,6578,'amino-acid betaine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5233,6579,'amino-acid betaine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5234,6580,'ethanolamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5235,6581,'acetylcholine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5236,6582,'melanin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5237,6583,'melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin from other compounds, including tyrosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5238,6584,'catecholamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5239,6585,'dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine) from L-tyrosine, via the metabolic precursor 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-dopa). Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5240,6586,'indolalkylamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5241,6587,'serotonin biosynthetic process from tryptophan','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation from tryptophan of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5242,6588,'activation of tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity','P','The process in which the tryptophan 5-monooxygenase enzyme is changed so that it can carry out its enzymatic activity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5243,6589,'octopamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5244,6590,'thyroid hormone generation','P','The formation of either of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, mainly thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This is achieved by the iodination and joining of tyrosine molecules to form the precursor thyroglobin, proteolysis of this precursor gives rise to the thyroid hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5245,6591,'ornithine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5246,6592,'ornithine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5247,6593,'ornithine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5248,6595,'polyamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5249,6596,'polyamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5250,6597,'spermine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5251,6598,'polyamine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5252,6599,'phosphagen metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphagen, any of a group of guanidine phosphates that occur in muscle and can be used to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5253,6600,'creatine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving creatine (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine), a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5254,6601,'creatine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of creatine, N-[amino(imino)methyl]-N-methylglycine. Creatine is formed by a process beginning with amidino group transfer from L-arginine to glycine to form guanidinoacetate, followed by methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to guanidinoacetate; it is then is phosphorylated to form a pool that stores high energy phosphate for the replenishment of ATP during periods of high, or fluctuating energy demand. In animals, most creatine is transported to and used in muscle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5255,6602,'creatinine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one, an end product of creatine metabolism and a normal constituent of urine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5256,6603,'phosphocreatine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine present in high concentration in striated muscle which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase to buffer ATP concentration. It acts as an immediate energy reserve for muscle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5257,6604,'phosphoarginine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphoarginine, a phosphagen of L-arginine with phosphoric acid containing the phosphoamide bond. It is a source of energy in the contraction of muscle in invertebrates, corresponding to phosphocreatine in the muscles of vertebrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5258,6605,'protein targeting','P','The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5259,6606,'protein import into nucleus','P','The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5260,6607,'NLS-bearing protein import into nucleus','P','The directed movement of a protein bearing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5261,6608,'snRNP protein import into nucleus','P','The directed movement of a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5262,6609,'mRNA-binding (hnRNP) protein import into nucleus','P','The directed movement of a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5263,6610,'ribosomal protein import into nucleus','P','The directed movement of a ribosomal protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5264,6611,'protein export from nucleus','P','The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5265,6612,'protein targeting to membrane','P','The process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5266,6613,'cotranslational protein targeting to membrane','P','The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation. The transport of most secretory proteins, particularly those with more than 100 amino acids, into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen occurs in this manner, as does the import of some proteins into mitochondria.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5267,6614,'SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane','P','The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5268,6615,'SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, docking','P','The process in which an SRP-bound ribosome forms a complex with the SRP receptor in the ER membrane, allowing the ribosome to bind to the membrane, during cotranslational membrane targeting.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5269,6616,'SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, translocation','P','The process during cotranslational membrane targeting wherein proteins move across a membrane. SRP and its receptor initiate the transfer of the nascent chain across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane; they then dissociate from the chain, which is transferred to a set of transmembrane proteins, collectively called the translocon. Once the nascent chain translocon complex is assembled, the elongating chain passes directly from the large ribosomal subunit into the centers of the translocon, a protein-lined channel within the membrane. The growing chain is never exposed to the cytosol and does not fold until it reaches the ER lumen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5270,6617,'SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence recognition','P','The process in which SRP binds to the signal peptide in a nascent protein, causing protein elongation to pause, during cotranslational membrane targeting.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5271,6618,'SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence processing','P','The removal of the signal peptide from a nascent protein during cotranslational membrane targeting.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5272,6619,'SRP-independent cotranslational protein-membrane targeting','P','OBSOLETE. The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is independent of SRP and signal recognition.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5273,6620,'posttranslational protein targeting to membrane','P','The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs after their translation. Some secretory proteins exhibit posttranslational transport into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen: they are synthesized in their entirety on free cytosolic ribosomes and then released into the cytosol, where they are bound by chaperones which keep them in an unfolded state, and subsequently are translocated across the ER membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5274,6621,'protein retention in ER lumen','P','The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5275,6622,'protein targeting to lysosome','P','The process of directing proteins towards the lysosome using signals contained within the protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5276,6623,'protein targeting to vacuole','P','The process of directing proteins towards the vacuole, usually using signals contained within the protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5277,6624,'vacuolar protein processing','P','Protein processing that takes place in the vacuole. Most protein processing in the vacuole represents proteolytic cleavage of precursors to form active enzymes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5278,6625,'protein targeting to peroxisome','P','The process of directing proteins towards the peroxisome, usually using signals contained within the protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5279,6626,'protein targeting to mitochondrion','P','The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5280,6627,'protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion','P','The cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins, usually near the N terminus, contributing to the process of import into the mitochondrion. Several different peptidases mediate cleavage of proteins destined for different mitochondrial compartments.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5281,6628,'mitochondrial translocation','P','OBSOLETE. The translocation of proteins across the mitochondrial membrane. In the presence of a translocating chain, the outer membrane import machinery (MOM complex) and the inner membrane import machinery (MIM complex) form translocation contact sites as a part of the membrane preprotein import machinery.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5282,6629,'lipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5283,6630,'lipid binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5284,6631,'fatty acid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5285,6633,'fatty acid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5286,6634,'hexadecanal biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexadecanal, the C16 straight chain aldehyde.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5287,6635,'fatty acid beta-oxidation','P','A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5288,6636,'unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an unsaturated fatty acid, any fatty acid containing one or more double bonds between carbon atoms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5289,6637,'acyl-CoA metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with an acyl group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5290,6638,'neutral lipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5291,6639,'acylglycerol metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5292,6640,'monoacylglycerol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoacylglycerol, any ester of glycerol in which any one of its hydroxyl groups has been acylated with a fatty acid, the other being non-esterified.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5293,6641,'triglyceride metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5294,6642,'triglyceride mobilization','P','The release of triglycerides, any triester of glycerol, from storage within cells or tissues, making them available for metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5295,6643,'membrane lipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5296,6644,'phospholipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5297,6646,'phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5298,6647,'phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME), a derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine with a methylated amine group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5299,6648,'dihydrosphingosine-1-P pathway','P','A phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process that proceeds via the enzymatic action of dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5300,6649,'phospholipid transfer to membrane','P','The transfer of a phospholipid from its site of synthesis to the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5301,6650,'glycerophospholipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5302,6651,'diacylglycerol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diacylglycerol, a glycerol molecule substituted on the 1 and 2 hydroxyl groups with long chain fatty acyl residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5303,6653,'1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, the compounds most commonly designated lecithin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5304,6654,'phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5305,6655,'phosphatidylglycerol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5306,6656,'phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5307,6657,'CDP-choline pathway','P','The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with the phosphorylation of choline and ends with the combination of CDP-choline with diacylglycerol to form phosphatidylcholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5308,6658,'phosphatidylserine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. They are important constituents of cell membranes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5309,6659,'phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5310,6660,'phosphatidylserine catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5311,6661,'phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5312,6662,'glycerol ether metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5313,6663,'platelet activating factor biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5314,6664,'glycolipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar group acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol group may be absent.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5315,6665,'sphingolipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5316,6666,'3-keto-sphinganine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-keto-sphinganine, a derivative of sphinganine with a ketone group at C3. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of sphingosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5317,6667,'sphinganine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine, D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5318,6668,'sphinganine-1-phosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5319,6669,'sphinganine-1-phosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5320,6670,'sphingosine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingosine (sphing-4-enine), trans-D-erytho-2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol, a long chain amino diol sphingoid base that occurs in most sphingolipids in animal tissues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5321,6671,'phytosphingosine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytosphingosine, (2S,3S,4R)-2-aminooctadecane-1,3,4-triol, a constituent of many plant sphingolipids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5322,6672,'ceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5323,6673,'inositolphosphoceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositolphosphoceramides, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5324,6674,'inositol phosphorylceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol phosphorylceramides, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group. The phosphate-containing group is the trivalent -P(O)= and the ceramide group of this lipid consists of phytosphingosine and a hydroxy C26 fatty acid.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5325,6675,'mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group which contains a phosphoryl (-P(O)=) groups and a mannose derivative.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5326,6676,'mannosyl diphosphorylinositol ceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosyl diphosphorylinositol ceramide, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group which contains two phosphoryl (-P(O)=) groups and a mannose derivative.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5327,6677,'glycosylceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5328,6678,'glucosylceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. They are neutral glycolipids containing equimolar amounts of fatty acid, glucose, and sphingosine or a sphingosine derivative.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5329,6679,'glucosylceramide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5330,6680,'glucosylceramide catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5331,6681,'galactosylceramide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5332,6682,'galactosylceramide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5333,6683,'galactosylceramide catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5334,6684,'sphingomyelin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5335,6685,'sphingomyelin catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5336,6686,'sphingomyelin biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5337,6687,'glycosphingolipid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosphingolipids, any compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5338,6688,'glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5339,6689,'ganglioside catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ganglioside, a ceramide oligosaccharide carrying, in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5340,6690,'icosanoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5341,6691,'leukotriene metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5342,6692,'prostanoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving prostanoids, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5343,6693,'prostaglandin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring due to the formation of a bond between two carbons of a fatty acid. They have a wide range of biological activities.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5344,6694,'steroid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5345,6695,'cholesterol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5346,6696,'ergosterol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergosterol, (22E)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-beta-ol, a sterol found in ergot, yeast and moulds.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5347,6697,'ecdysone biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysone, (22R)-2-beta,3-beta,14,22,25-pentahydroxycholest-7-en-6-one, an ecdysteroid found in insects.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5348,6698,'ecdysone modification','P','OBSOLETE. The covalent or conformational alteration of ecdysone, resulting in a change in its properties.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5349,6699,'bile acid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5350,6700,'C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5351,6701,'progesterone biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5352,6702,'androgen biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5353,6703,'estrogen biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5354,6704,'glucocorticoid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5355,6705,'mineralocorticoid biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5356,6706,'steroid catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5357,6707,'cholesterol catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5358,6708,'ecdysone catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecdysone, (22R)-2-beta,3-beta,14,22,25-pentahydroxycholest-7-en-6-one, an ecdysteroid found in insects.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5359,6709,'progesterone catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5360,6710,'androgen catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5361,6711,'estrogen catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5362,6712,'mineralocorticoid catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5363,6713,'glucocorticoid catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5364,6714,'sesquiterpenoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5365,6715,'farnesol biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5366,6716,'juvenile hormone metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5367,6717,'juvenile hormone binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5368,6718,'juvenile hormone biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5369,6719,'juvenile hormone catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5370,6720,'isoprenoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid compounds, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5371,6721,'terpenoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure and including derivatives with various functional groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5372,6722,'triterpenoid metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5373,6723,'cuticle hydrocarbon biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrocarbons that make up the cuticle, the outer layer of some animals and plants, which acts to prevent water loss.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5374,6725,'cellular aromatic compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5375,6726,'eye pigment biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of eye pigments, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, found or utilized in the eye.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5376,6727,'ommochrome biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ommochromes, any of a large group of natural polycyclic pigments commonly found in the Arthropoda, particularly in the ommatidia of the compound eye.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5377,6728,'pteridine biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pteridine, pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine), the parent structure of pterins and the pteroyl group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5378,6729,'tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5379,6730,'one-carbon metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving the transfer of one-carbon units in various oxidation states.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5380,6731,'coenzyme and prosthetic group metabolic process','P','OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzymes and prosthetic groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5381,6732,'coenzyme metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzymes, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5382,6733,'oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzymes that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an oxidoreductase reaction to proceed.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5383,6734,'NADH metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5384,6735,'NADH regeneration','P','A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADH by the reduction of NAD+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5385,6738,'nicotinamide riboside catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5386,6739,'NADP metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; metabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NADP, or the reduced form, NADPH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5387,6740,'NADPH regeneration','P','A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADPH by the reduction of NADP+.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5388,6741,'NADP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NADP, or the reduced form, NADPH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5389,6742,'NADP catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NADP, or the reduced form, NADPH.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5390,6743,'ubiquinone metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5391,6744,'ubiquinone biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5392,6746,'FADH2 metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5393,6747,'FAD biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FAD, the oxidized form of flavin-adenine dinucleotide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5394,6748,'lipoamide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoamide, the functional form of lipoic acid in which the carboxyl group is attached to protein by an amide linkage to a lysine amino group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5395,6749,'glutathione metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5396,6750,'glutathione biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5397,6751,'glutathione catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5398,6753,'nucleoside phosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any phosphorylated nucleoside.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5399,6754,'ATP biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5\'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5400,6755,'carbamoyl phosphate-ADP transphosphorylation','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5401,6756,'AMP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into AMP, adenosine monophosphate, to produce ADP. Addition of two phosphate groups produces ATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5402,6757,'ADP phosphorylation','P','The process of introducing a phosphate group into ADP, adenosine diphosphate, to produce ATP.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5403,6760,'folic acid-containing compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a folic acid-containing compound, i.e. any of a group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid or L-glutamate units.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5404,6761,'dihydrofolate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dihydrofolate, the dihydroxylated derivative of folate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5405,6762,'dihydrofolate reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5406,6766,'vitamin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamins. Vitamin is a general term for a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Vitamins may be water-soluble or fat-soluble and usually serve as components of coenzyme systems.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5407,6767,'water-soluble vitamin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in water.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5408,6768,'biotin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving biotin, cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5409,6769,'nicotinamide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide, pyridine-3-carboxamide, the amide of nicotinic acid. It is a member of the B complex of vitamins and occurs widely in living organisms.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5410,6771,'riboflavin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5411,6772,'thiamine metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5412,6774,'vitamin B12 reduction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5413,6775,'fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in organic solvents and relatively insoluble in water.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5414,6776,'vitamin A metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid, all of which are derivatives of beta-carotene.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5415,6777,'Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5416,6778,'porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrins consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5417,6779,'porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5418,6780,'uroporphyrinogen III biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uroporphyrinogen III.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5419,6781,'succinyl-CoA pathway','P','The chemical reactions that utilize succinyl-CoA in the synthesis of protoporphyrin IX.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5420,6782,'protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5421,6783,'heme biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, from less complex precursors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5422,6784,'heme a biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme a, a derivative of heme found in cytochrome aa3.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5423,6785,'heme b biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme b, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5424,6786,'heme c biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme c, a derivative of heme found in cytochromes c, b4, and f.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5425,6787,'porphyrin-containing compound catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5426,6788,'heme oxidation','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in heme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5427,6789,'bilirubin conjugation','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bilirubin monoglucuronide or bilirubin diglucuronide, water-soluble derivatives of bilirubin.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5428,6790,'sulfur compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5429,6791,'sulfur utilization','P','A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary sulfur sources and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary sulfur source and to transport and metabolize alternate sulfur sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects sulfur levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize sulfur-containing compounds, and ends when the sulfur is incorporated into the cell or organism\'s metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5430,6792,'regulation of sulfur utilization','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sulfur utilization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5431,6793,'phosphorus metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5432,6794,'phosphorus utilization','P','A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary phosphorus source and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary phosphorus source and to transport and metabolize alternative phosphorus sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects phosphorus levels, includes the phosphorus-containing substances, and ends when phosphorus is incorporated into the cell or organism\'s metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5433,6795,'regulation of phosphorus utilization','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphorus utilization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5434,6796,'phosphate-containing compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5435,6797,'polyphosphate metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5436,6798,'polyphosphate catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5437,6799,'polyphosphate biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5438,6800,'oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process','P','OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5439,6801,'superoxide metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5440,6802,'catalase reaction','P','OBSOLETE. The processes involved in the induction or activation of catalase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of H2O2 into H2O.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5441,6803,'glutathione conjugation reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5442,6804,'peroxidase reaction','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5443,6805,'xenobiotic metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds, e.g. a xenobiotic chemical, such as a pesticide.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5444,6806,'insecticide resistance','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5445,6807,'nitrogen compound metabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5446,6808,'regulation of nitrogen utilization','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen utilization.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5447,6809,'nitric oxide biosynthetic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5448,6810,'transport','P','The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5449,6811,'ion transport','P','The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5450,6812,'cation transport','P','The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5451,6813,'potassium ion transport','P','The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5452,6814,'sodium ion transport','P','The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5453,6815,'sodium/potassium transport','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5454,6816,'calcium ion transport','P','The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5455,6817,'phosphate ion transport','P','The directed movement of phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5456,6818,'hydrogen transport','P','The directed movement of hydrogen (H2 or H+), into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5457,6820,'anion transport','P','The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5458,6821,'chloride transport','P','The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5459,6823,'heavy metal ion transport','P','OBSOLETE. The directed movement of heavy metal ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Heavy metals are those that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5460,6824,'cobalt ion transport','P','The directed movement of cobalt (Co) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5461,6825,'copper ion transport','P','The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5462,6826,'iron ion transport','P','The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5463,6827,'high-affinity iron ion transport','P','The directed, high-affinity movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5464,6828,'manganese ion transport','P','The directed movement of manganese (Mn) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5465,6829,'zinc ion transport','P','The directed movement of zinc (Zn) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5466,6830,'high-affinity zinc ion transport','P','The directed, high-affinity movement of zinc (Zn) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5467,6831,'low-affinity zinc ion transport','P','The directed, low-affinity movement of zinc (Zn) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. In low affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is only present at very low concentrations.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5468,6832,'small molecule transport','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5469,6833,'water transport','P','The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5470,6835,'dicarboxylic acid transport','P','The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5471,6836,'neurotransmitter transport','P','The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5472,6837,'serotonin transport','P','The directed movement of serotonin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5473,6838,'allantoin/allantoate transport','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5474,6839,'mitochondrial transport','P','Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5475,6840,'mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate/malate transport','P','OBSOLETE. The directed movement of alpha-ketoglutarate and malate into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5476,6842,'tricarboxylic acid transport','P','The directed movement of tricarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5477,6843,'mitochondrial citrate transport','P','The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5478,6844,'acyl carnitine transport','P','The directed movement of acyl carnitine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acyl carnitine is the condensation product of a carboxylic acid and carnitine and is the transport form for a fatty acid crossing the mitochondrial membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5479,6845,'mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate transport','P','OBSOLETE. The directed movement of aspartate and glutamate into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5480,6846,'acetate transport','P','The directed movement of acetate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5481,6847,'plasma membrane acetate transport','P','The directed movement of acetate across a plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5482,6848,'pyruvate transport','P','The directed movement of pyruvate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5483,6849,'plasma membrane pyruvate transport','P','The directed movement of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate, across a plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5484,6850,'mitochondrial pyruvate transport','P','The directed movement of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate, into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5485,6851,'mitochondrial calcium ion transport','P','The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into, out of or within a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5486,6852,'mitochondrial sodium/calcium ion exchange','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5487,6853,'carnitine shuttle','P','The transfer of acyl groups to and from acyl-CoA molecules to form O-acylcarnitine, which can exchange across the mitochondrial inner membrane with unacylated carnitine.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5488,6854,'ATP/ADP exchange','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5489,6855,'drug transmembrane transport','P','The process in which a drug is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5490,6856,'eye pigment precursor transport','P','The directed movement of eye pigment precursors, the inactive forms of visual pigments, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5491,6857,'oligopeptide transport','P','The directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5492,6858,'extracellular transport','P','The transport of substances that occurs outside cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5493,6859,'extracellular carbohydrate transport','P','The directed extracellular movement of carbohydrates.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5494,6860,'extracellular amino acid transport','P','The directed extracellular movement of amino acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5495,6862,'nucleotide transport','P','The directed movement of a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5496,6863,'purine nucleobase transport','P','The directed movement of purine bases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5497,6864,'pyrimidine nucleotide transport','P','The directed movement of a pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5498,6865,'amino acid transport','P','The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5499,6867,'asparagine transport','P','The directed movement of asparagine, alpha-aminosuccinamic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5500,6868,'glutamine transport','P','The directed movement of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5501,6869,'lipid transport','P','The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5502,6873,'cellular ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5503,6874,'cellular calcium ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5504,6875,'cellular metal ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of metal ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5505,6876,'cellular cadmium ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cadmium ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5506,6877,'cellular cobalt ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cobalt ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5507,6878,'cellular copper ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of copper ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5508,6879,'cellular iron ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5509,6880,'intracellular sequestering of iron ion','P','The process of binding or confining iron ions in an intracellular area such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5510,6881,'extracellular sequestering of iron ion','P','The process of binding or confining iron ions in an extracellular area such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5511,6882,'cellular zinc ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of zinc ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5512,6883,'cellular sodium ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sodium ions at the level of a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5513,6884,'cell volume homeostasis','P','Any process involved in maintaining the steady state of a cell\'s volume. The cell\'s volume refers to the three-dimensional space occupied by a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5514,6885,'regulation of pH','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5515,6886,'intracellular protein transport','P','The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5516,6887,'exocytosis','P','A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process in which most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5517,6888,'ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport','P','The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5518,6889,'regulation of calcium in ER','P','OBSOLETE. Any process that modulates the concentration of calcium in the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5519,6890,'retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER','P','The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5520,6891,'intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport','P','The directed movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by small transport vesicles. These either fuse with the cis-Golgi or with each other to form the membrane stacks known as the cis-Golgi reticulum (network).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5521,6892,'post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport','P','The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to other parts of the cell, including organelles and the plasma membrane, mediated by small transport vesicles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5522,6893,'Golgi to plasma membrane transport','P','The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane, where they fuse and release their contents by exocytosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5523,6894,'Golgi to secretory vesicle transport','P','OBSOLETE. The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to one of two types of secretory vesicle. Continuously secreted proteins are sorted into transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents by exocytosis. Specialized secretory cells have a second secretory pathway in which soluble proteins and other substances are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5524,6895,'Golgi to endosome transport','P','The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to early sorting endosomes. Clathrin vesicles transport substances from the trans-Golgi to endosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5525,6896,'Golgi to vacuole transport','P','The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5526,6897,'endocytosis','P','A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5527,6898,'receptor-mediated endocytosis','P','An endocytosis process in which cell surface receptors ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5528,6900,'membrane budding','P','The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5529,6901,'vesicle coating','P','A protein coat is added to the vesicle to form the proper shape of the vesicle and to target the vesicle for transport to its destination.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5530,6903,'vesicle targeting','P','The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes. Targeting involves coordinated interactions among cytoskeletal elements (microtubules or actin filaments), motor proteins, molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces, and vesicle cargo.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5531,6904,'vesicle docking involved in exocytosis','P','The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5532,6905,'vesicle transport','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5533,6906,'vesicle fusion','P','Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5534,6907,'pinocytosis','P','An endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment; literally \'cell drinking\'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, called pinosomes, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5535,6909,'phagocytosis','P','An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5536,6910,'phagocytosis, recognition','P','The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter, or an apoptotic cell and based on recognition of factors such as bacterial cell wall components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors and lipids like phosphatidyl serine, and leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5537,6911,'phagocytosis, engulfment','P','The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5538,6912,'phagosome formation','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5539,6913,'nucleocytoplasmic transport','P','The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5540,6914,'autophagy','P','The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5541,6915,'apoptotic process','P','A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase, and an execution phase, which is triggered by the former.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5542,6916,'anti-apoptosis','P','A process which directly inhibits any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5543,6917,'induction of apoptosis','P','A process that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis.','2013-09-01','NSRP'),(5544,6918,'induction of apoptosis by p53','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5545,6919,'activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process','P','Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5546,6920,'commitment to apoptosis','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5547,6921,'cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis','P','The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5548,6922,'cleavage of lamin involved in execution phase of apoptosis','P','The proteolytic degradation of lamins during apoptosis, leading to the irreversible breakdown of the nuclear lamina.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5549,6923,'cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins involved in execution phase of apoptosis','P','The proteolytic degradation of cytoskeletal proteins that contributes to apoptosis, leading to the collapse of cytoskeletal structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5550,6924,'activation-induced cell death of T cells','P','A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5551,6925,'inflammatory cell apoptotic process','P','Any apoptotic process in an inflammatory cell, any cell participating in the inflammatory response to a foreign substance e.g. neutrophil, macrophage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5552,6926,'virus-infected cell apoptotic process','P','Any apoptotic process in a cell infected with a virus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5553,6927,'transformed cell apoptotic process','P','Any apoptotic process in a transformed cell, a cell that has undergone changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5554,6928,'cellular component movement','P','The directed, self-propelled movement of a cellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5555,6929,'substrate-dependent cell migration','P','The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another along a substrate such as the extracellular matrix; the migrating cell forms a protrusion that attaches to the substrate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5556,6930,'substrate-dependent cell migration, cell extension','P','The formation of a cell surface protrusion, such as a lamellipodium or filopodium, at the leading edge of a migrating cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5557,6931,'substrate-dependent cell migration, cell attachment to substrate','P','The formation of adhesions that stabilize protrusions at the leading edge of a migrating cell; involves integrin activation, clustering, and the recruitment of structural and signaling components to nascent adhesions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5558,6932,'substrate-dependent cell migration, cell contraction','P','The translocation of the cell body forward during cell migration, mediated by tractional force on its substrate and tension in the cortical cytoskeleton. Adhesions transmit propulsive forces and serve as traction points over which the cell moves.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5559,6933,'negative regulation of cell adhesion involved in substrate-bound cell migration','P','The disassembly of adhesions at the front and rear of a migrating cell. At the leading edge, adhesion disassembly accompanies the formation of new protrusions; at the cell rear, it promotes tail retraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5560,6934,'substrate-bound cell migration, adhesion receptor recycling','P','The directed movement of accumulated adhesion components such as integrins from the rear of a migrating cell toward the cell front, where they are available to form new protrusions and adhesions.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5561,6935,'chemotaxis','P','The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5562,6936,'muscle contraction','P','A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5563,6937,'regulation of muscle contraction','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5564,6939,'smooth muscle contraction','P','A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5565,6940,'regulation of smooth muscle contraction','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5566,6941,'striated muscle contraction','P','A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5567,6942,'regulation of striated muscle contraction','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5568,6943,'chemi-mechanical coupling','P','OBSOLETE. The conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work (as in the contraction of a muscle).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5569,6944,'cellular membrane fusion','P','The cellular process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane.','2013-09-08','NSRP'),(5570,6945,'nuclear fusion during karyogamy','P','OBSOLETE. The fusion of two haploid nuclei to form a single diploid nucleus, as seen in the yeast mating process.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5571,6948,'induction by virus of host cell-cell fusion','P','The process of syncytia-forming cell-cell fusion, caused by a virus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5572,6949,'syncytium formation','P','The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5573,6950,'response to stress','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5574,6952,'defense response','P','Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5575,6953,'acute-phase response','P','An acute inflammatory response that involves non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5576,6954,'inflammatory response','P','The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5577,6955,'immune response','P','Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5578,6956,'complement activation','P','Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5579,6957,'complement activation, alternative pathway','P','Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5580,6958,'complement activation, classical pathway','P','Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5581,6959,'humoral immune response','P','An immune response mediated through a body fluid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5582,6962,'male-specific antibacterial humoral response','P','An immune response against bacteria, specific to males and mediated through a body fluid.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5583,6963,'positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process','P','Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5584,6964,'positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria','P','Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5585,6965,'positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria','P','Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5586,6967,'positive regulation of antifungal peptide biosynthetic process','P','Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antifungal peptide biosynthesis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5587,6968,'cellular defense response','P','A defense response that is mediated by cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5588,6969,'melanotic tumor response','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5589,6970,'response to osmotic stress','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5590,6971,'hypotonic response','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5591,6972,'hyperosmotic response','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hyperosmotic environment, i.e. an environment with a higher concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5592,6973,'intracellular accumulation of glycerol','P','The accumulation of glycerol within a cell, for example by increased glycerol biosynthesis combined with decreased permeability of the cell membrane to glycerol, in response to the detection of a hyperosmotic environment.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5593,6974,'response to DNA damage stimulus','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5594,6975,'DNA damage induced protein phosphorylation','P','The widespread phosphorylation of various molecules, triggering many downstream processes, that occurs in response to the detection of DNA damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5595,6977,'DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest','P','A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the stopping or reduction in rate of the cell cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5596,6978,'DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator','P','A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, resulting in the induction of the transcription of p21 (also known as WAF1, CIP1 and SDI1) or any equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5597,6979,'response to oxidative stress','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5598,6981,'activation of SoxR protein','P','The conversion of the SoxR transcription factor to its active (oxidized) form.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5599,6982,'response to lipid hydroperoxide','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid hydroperoxide stimulus. Lipid hydroperoxide is the highly reactive primary oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5600,6983,'ER overload response','P','The series of molecular signals generated by the accumulation of normal or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and leading to activation of transcription by NF-kappaB.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5601,6984,'ER-nucleus signaling pathway','P','Any series of molecular signals that conveys information from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus, usually resulting in a change in transcriptional regulation.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5602,6985,'positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity by ER overload response','P','The conversion of inactive NF-kappaB to the active form, thereby allowing it to activate transcription of target genes, as a result of signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5603,6986,'response to unfolded protein','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5604,6987,'activation of signaling protein activity involved in unfolded protein response','P','The conversion of a specific protein, possessing protein kinase and endoribonuclease activities, to an active form as a result of signaling via the unfolded protein response.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5605,6988,'unfolded protein response, cleavage of primary transcript encoding UFP-specific transcription factor','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5606,6989,'unfolded protein response, ligation of mRNA encoding UFP-specific transcription factor by RNA ligase','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5607,6990,'positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in unfolded protein response','P','The activation of genes whose promoters contain a specific sequence elements such as the unfolded protein response element (UPRE; consensus CAGCGTG) or the ER stress-response element (ERSE; CCAAN(N)9CCACG), as a result of signaling via the unfolded protein response.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5608,6991,'response to sterol depletion','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating deprivation of sterols. Sterols are a group of steroids characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5609,6992,'sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage involved in ER-nuclear sterol response pathway','P','The proteolytic release of a transcriptionally active sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) from intracellular membranes, freeing it to move to the nucleus and upregulate transcription of target genes, in response to depleted sterol levels.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5610,6993,'sterol regulatory element binding protein import into nucleus involved in sterol depletion response','P','The transfer of a sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) into the nucleus across the nuclear membrane, in response to sterol depletion. SREBPs are transcription factors that bind sterol regulatory elements (SREs), DNA motifs found in the promoters of target genes.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5611,6994,'positive regulation of transcription via sterol regulatory element binding involved in ER-nuclear sterol response pathway','P','The process in which a sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) mediates an increase in rate or extent of transcription of nuclear target genes in response to sterol depletion. SREBPs are transcription factors that bind sterol regulatory elements (SREs), DNA motifs found in the promoters of target genes.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5612,6995,'cellular response to nitrogen starvation','P','Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nitrogen.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5613,6996,'organelle organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5614,6997,'nucleus organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5615,6998,'nuclear envelope organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear envelope.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5616,6999,'nuclear pore organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear pore.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5617,7000,'nucleolus organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleolus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5618,7002,'centromere binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5619,7003,'telomere binding','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5620,7004,'telomere maintenance via telomerase','P','The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5621,7005,'mitochondrion organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5622,7006,'mitochondrial membrane organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayer surrounding a mitochondrion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5623,7007,'inner mitochondrial membrane organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5624,7008,'outer mitochondrial membrane organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial outer membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5625,7009,'plasma membrane organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5626,7010,'cytoskeleton organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5627,7011,'regulation of cytoskeleton','P','OBSOLETE. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the organization, biogenesis or maintenance of the cytoskeleton.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5628,7014,'actin ubiquitination','P','The modification of actin by addition of ubiquitin groups.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5629,7015,'actin filament organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5630,7016,'cytoskeletal anchoring at plasma membrane','P','A cytoskeleton organization process that directly or indirectly links cytoskeletal filaments to the plasma membrane.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5631,7017,'microtubule-based process','P','Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5632,7018,'microtubule-based movement','P','A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5633,7019,'microtubule depolymerization','P','The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a microtubule.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5634,7020,'microtubule nucleation','P','The \'de novo\' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5635,7021,'tubulin complex assembly','P','The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5636,7023,'post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway','P','Completion of folding of alpha- and beta-tubulin; takes place subsequent to chaperonin-mediated partial folding; mediated by a complex of folding cofactors.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5637,7026,'negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization','P','Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization; prevention of depolymerization of a microtubule can result from binding by \'capping\' at the plus end (e.g. by interaction with another cellular protein of structure) or by exposing microtubules to a stabilizing drug such as taxol.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5638,7027,'negative regulation of axonemal microtubule depolymerization','P','Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the depolymerization of the specialized microtubules of the axoneme.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5639,7028,'cytoplasm organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5640,7029,'endoplasmic reticulum organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5641,7030,'Golgi organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5642,7031,'peroxisome organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5643,7032,'endosome organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of endosomes.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5644,7033,'vacuole organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5645,7034,'vacuolar transport','P','The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5646,7035,'vacuolar acidification','P','Any process that reduces the pH of the vacuole, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5647,7036,'vacuolar calcium ion homeostasis','P','Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions in the vacuole or between a vacuole and its surroundings.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5648,7037,'vacuolar phosphate transport','P','The directed movement of phosphates into, out of or within a vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5649,7038,'endocytosed protein transport to vacuole','P','The directed movement of proteins imported into a cell by endocytosis to the vacuole.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5650,7039,'vacuolar protein catabolic process','P','The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein in the vacuole, usually by the action of vacuolar proteases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5651,7040,'lysosome organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5652,7041,'lysosomal transport','P','The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a lysosome.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5653,7042,'lysosomal lumen acidification','P','Any process that reduces the pH of the lysosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5654,7043,'cell-cell junction assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between cells.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5655,7044,'cell-substrate junction assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between a cell and its substrate.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5656,7045,'cell-substrate adherens junction assembly','P','The aggregation, arrangement, and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell-substrate adherens junction.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5657,7047,'cellular cell wall organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis.','2012-03-14','NSRP'),(5658,7048,'oncogenesis','P','OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5659,7049,'cell cycle','P','The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5660,7050,'cell cycle arrest','P','A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5661,7051,'spindle organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during DNA segregation and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5662,7052,'mitotic spindle organization','P','A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5663,7053,'spindle assembly involved in male meiosis','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5664,7054,'spindle assembly involved in male meiosis I','P','The formation of the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5665,7055,'spindle assembly involved in male meiosis II','P','The formation of the spindle during meiosis II of a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5666,7056,'spindle assembly involved in female meiosis','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5667,7057,'spindle assembly involved in female meiosis I','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5668,7058,'spindle assembly involved in female meiosis II','P','The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis II of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5669,7059,'chromosome segregation','P','The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5670,7060,'male meiosis chromosome segregation','P','The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a male.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5671,7062,'sister chromatid cohesion','P','The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are associated with each other.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5672,7063,'regulation of sister chromatid cohesion','P','Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5673,7064,'mitotic sister chromatid cohesion','P','The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome, from their formation in S phase through metaphase during a mitotic cell cycle. This cohesion cycle is critical for high fidelity chromosome transmission.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5674,7065,'male meiosis sister chromatid cohesion','P','The joining of the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the entire length of the chromosome that occurs during meiosis in a male.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5675,7066,'female meiosis sister chromatid cohesion','P','The joining of the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the entire length of the chromosome that occurs during meiosis in a female.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5676,7067,'mitosis','P','A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5677,7068,'negative regulation of transcription during mitosis','P','Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription during mitosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),(5678,7069,'negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter during mitosis','P','Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase I promoter during mitosis.','2013-10-27','NSRP'),